Abstract
Abstract The experiment was carried out at the second research station, College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University during the winter season 2018-2019, to investigate the performance of four wheat cultivars namely Rasheed, IBA99, Bhooth and Abu Graib subjected K+ supplants to antagonize Na+ effect on growth, yield and genome of four wheat cultivars. Subsequently, varying irrigation water qualities were applied, namely Euphrates river water of 2.4 ds.m-1 electrical conductivity (EC), river water + 400 ppm of K+, saline water of 5 ds.m-1EC, and saline water+ 400 ppm of K+. The results revealed the superiority of K+ addition to river and salty water through irrigation substantially antagonized Na+ adversity. Where K+ improved the performance of river water and salty water in plant height (70.71and 72.25 cm, respectively) and leaf area (28.29, and 24.41cm2, respectively) as they compared to river water without K+ (63.83 cm and 21.87 cm2, respectively). IBA99 wheat cultivars showed superiority over others, since it gave the highest plant height (70.375 cm), 1000 seed weights (32.583 g) and grain number per spike (55.475), then comes in the second order Rasheed, as it gave the higher values in plant height (74.41 cm), 1000 seed weight (33.33 g), and spike length (14.816 cm), as compared to Bhooth and Abu Graib cultivars. Then Abu Graib comes in the third order, followed by the worst Bhooth cultivar. Rasheed X + river water + k+was the most potent dual combination, since it showed the highest plant height (78.66 cm), leaf area (35.05 cm2. - 1), and weight of 1000 grain reached (37.33 g). IBA99 + salt water + k+ combination manifested superiority in the grains number of spike which gave 61.36 g. Molecular analysis results in agreement with the those of the morphological analysis by the appearance of TaHKT2;2 gene bands very clear in the Rasheed cultivar, the DNA size of the gene reached 500 nucleotides. Indicating the clear genetic expression of the gene in the varieties (except Abu Graib), especially for the Rasheed cultivar with a combination (Rasheed with salt water + K+), and the positive role played by potassium ion in reducing the harmful effect of sodium ions, Rasheed in the breeding programs of wheat crop to the salt stress tolerance through the hybridization because of its superiority over the rest of the local varieties.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium addition to river water improved wheat plant height to 70.71 cm versus 63.83 cm without potassium.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- K+e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 70.71e0
- Qualifier
- 63.83 cme0
- Comparator
- river water without K+e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ improved the performance of river water and salty water in plant height (70.71and 72.25 cm, respectively) and leaf area (28.29, and 24.41cm2, respectively) as they compared to river water without K+ (63.83 cm and 21.87 cm2, respectively)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium addition to salty water improved wheat plant height to 72.25 cm.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- K+e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 72.25 cme0
- Comparator
- river water without K+e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ improved the performance of river water and salty water in plant height (70.71and 72.25 cm, respectively) and leaf area (28.29, and 24.41cm2, respectively) as they compared to river water without K+ (63.83 cm and 21.87 cm2, respectively)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium addition to river water improved wheat leaf area to 28.29 compared with 21.87 cm2 without potassium.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- K+e0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 28.29e0
- Qualifier
- 21.87 cm2e0
- Comparator
- river water without K+e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ improved the performance of river water and salty water in plant height (70.71and 72.25 cm, respectively) and leaf area (28.29, and 24.41cm2, respectively) as they compared to river water without K+ (63.83 cm and 21.87 cm2, respectively)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium addition to salty water improved wheat leaf area to 24.41cm2.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- K+e0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 24.41cm2e0
- Comparator
- river water without K+e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K+ improved the performance of river water and salty water in plant height (70.71and 72.25 cm, respectively) and leaf area (28.29, and 24.41cm2, respectively) as they compared to river water without K+ (63.83 cm and 21.87 cm2, respectively)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA99 had the highest reported plant height of 70.375 cm among cultivars.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- IBA99e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 70.375 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IBA99 wheat cultivars showed superiority over others, since it gave the highest plant height (70.375 cm), 1000 seed weights (32.583 g) and grain number per spike (55.475)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA99 had a reported 1000-seed weight of 32.583 g.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- IBA99e0
- Outcome
- 1000 seed weightse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 32.583 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IBA99 wheat cultivars showed superiority over others, since it gave the highest plant height (70.375 cm), 1000 seed weights (32.583 g) and grain number per spike (55.475)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA99 had 55.475 grains per spike, reported as highest among cultivars.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- IBA99e0
- Outcome
- grain number per spikee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 55.475e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IBA99 wheat cultivars showed superiority over others, since it gave the highest plant height (70.375 cm), 1000 seed weights (32.583 g) and grain number per spike (55.475)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rasheed had plant height of 74.41 cm.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Rasheede0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 74.41 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rasheed, as it gave the higher values in plant height (74.41 cm), 1000 seed weight (33.33 g), and spike length (14.816 cm)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rasheed had 1000-seed weight of 33.33 g.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Rasheede0
- Outcome
- 1000 seed weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 33.33 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rasheed, as it gave the higher values in plant height (74.41 cm), 1000 seed weight (33.33 g), and spike length (14.816 cm)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rasheed had spike length of 14.816 cm.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Rasheede0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 14.816 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rasheed, as it gave the higher values in plant height (74.41 cm), 1000 seed weight (33.33 g), and spike length (14.816 cm)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rasheed combined with river water and potassium had highest plant height of 78.66 cm.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Rasheede0
- Treatment
- river water + k+e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 78.66 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rasheed X + river water + k+was the most potent dual combination, since it showed the highest plant height (78.66 cm), leaf area (35.05 cm2. - 1), and weight of 1000 grain reached (37.33 g)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rasheed combined with river water and potassium had leaf area of 35.05 cm2. - 1.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Rasheede0
- Treatment
- river water + k+e0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 35.05 cm2. - 1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rasheed X + river water + k+was the most potent dual combination, since it showed the highest plant height (78.66 cm), leaf area (35.05 cm2. - 1), and weight of 1000 grain reached (37.33 g)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rasheed combined with river water and potassium had 1000-grain weight of 37.33 g.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Rasheede0
- Treatment
- river water + k+e0
- Outcome
- weight of 1000 graine0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 37.33 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rasheed X + river water + k+was the most potent dual combination, since it showed the highest plant height (78.66 cm), leaf area (35.05 cm2. - 1), and weight of 1000 grain reached (37.33 g)”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA99 with salt water and potassium had 61.36 g grains per spike as reported.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- IBA99e0
- Treatment
- salt water + k+e0
- Outcome
- grains number of spikee0
- Direction
- superioritye0
- Value
- 61.36 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IBA99 + salt water + k+ combination manifested superiority in the grains number of spike which gave 61.36 g”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
TaHKT2;2 gene bands appeared clearly in Rasheed.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Rasheede0
- Gene
- TaHKT2;2e0
- Outcome
- gene bands very cleare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“appearance of TaHKT2;2 gene bands very clear in the Rasheed cultivar”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The reported TaHKT2;2 gene band size was 500 nucleotides.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaHKT2;2e1
- Outcome
- DNA size of the genee0
- Value
- 500 nucleotidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the DNA size of the gene reached 500 nucleotides”
e1“TaHKT2;2 gene bands”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Rasheed for salt-tolerance wheat breeding by hybridization.
- Taxon
- bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Rasheede0
- Outcome
- breeding programs of wheat crop to the salt stress tolerance through the hybridizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rasheed in the breeding programs of wheat crop to the salt stress tolerance through the hybridization because of its superiority over the rest of the local varieties”
t0“bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 197 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
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