Abstract
Abstract Much of the nitrogen in crop fertiliser is degraded before acquisition. Technologies that stabilise urea-nitrogen minimise this. Degradation also specifically reduces the amount of ureic amine that many fertilisers initially contain, which is important because this nitrogen form has unique beneficial effects on plants. To investigate mechanisms whereby urea stabilisation increases potato tuber yield, we compare effects of foliar applications of chemically stabilised and non-stabilised urea against industry-standard fertiliser, on the physiology, form and yield of greenhouse-grown Casablanca under identical nitrogen supply. Stabilised urea is tested on Rooster and Shelford yields in Irish and British field trials. Stabilised amine nitrogen (SAN) increases Casablanca leaf relative chlorophyll content and initially reduces shoot growth rate. When harvested shortly after tuber initiation, SAN-treated plants have increased root to shoot weight ratios and we find tight negative correlations between shoot growth rate and root weight: large roots and slow shoot extension occur predominantly in SAN-treated plants. SAN increases ratios between initiation-stage tuber weight and (a) shoot length and (b) shoot growth rate. At a second harvest at mid-bulking, SAN increases high-grade Casablanca tuber yielding. At this later stage, yield correlates positively with shoot weight. In the field, SAN increases Rooster canopy greenness and marketable yields of both Rooster and Shelford. Yield improvements specific to this N form when stabilised are suggested to occur through increased photosynthesis and early-stage increases in root to shoot weight ratio. This phenotype then supports increased bulking-stage shoot growth and shoot-sourced resource for tuber growth. Stabilising urea amine induces high-yielding phenotypes with improved internal nitrogen utilisation efficiencies.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
SAN increased Casablanca leaf relative chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- Potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Material
- Casablancae0
- Treatment
- Stabilised amine nitrogen (SAN)e0
- Outcome
- leaf relative chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stabilised amine nitrogen (SAN) increases Casablanca leaf relative chlorophyll content”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
SAN initially reduced Casablanca shoot growth rate.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Material
- Casablancae0
- Treatment
- Stabilised amine nitrogen (SAN)e0
- Outcome
- shoot growth ratee0
- Direction
- reducese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stabilised amine nitrogen (SAN) increases Casablanca leaf relative chlorophyll content and initially reduces shoot growth rate”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
SAN increased root to shoot weight ratio shortly after tuber initiation.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- SAN-treated plantse0
- Outcome
- root to shoot weight ratiose0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When harvested shortly after tuber initiation, SAN-treated plants have increased root to shoot weight ratios”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot growth rate and root weight correlated negatively in Casablanca.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Outcome
- root weighte0
- Direction
- negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tight negative correlations between shoot growth rate and root weight”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
SAN increased initiation-stage tuber weight to shoot length ratio.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- SANe0
- Outcome
- ratios between initiation-stage tuber weight and (a) shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SAN increases ratios between initiation-stage tuber weight and (a) shoot length”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
SAN increased initiation-stage tuber weight to shoot growth rate ratio.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- SANe0
- Outcome
- shoot growth ratee0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SAN increases ratios between initiation-stage tuber weight and (a) shoot length and (b) shoot growth rate”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
SAN increased high-grade Casablanca tuber yield at mid-bulking.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Material
- Casablancae0
- Treatment
- SANe0
- Outcome
- high-grade Casablanca tuber yieldinge0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a second harvest at mid-bulking, SAN increases high-grade Casablanca tuber yielding”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
At mid-bulking, yield correlated positively with shoot weight.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- positivelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At this later stage, yield correlates positively with shoot weight”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
SAN increased Rooster canopy greenness in the field.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Material
- Roostere0
- Treatment
- SANe0
- Outcome
- canopy greennesse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Setting
- fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, SAN increases Rooster canopy greenness”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
SAN increased Rooster marketable yield in the field.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Material
- Roostere0
- Treatment
- SANe0
- Outcome
- marketable yieldse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Setting
- fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, SAN increases Rooster canopy greenness and marketable yields of both Rooster and Shelford”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
SAN increased Shelford marketable yield in the field.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Material
- Shelforde0
- Treatment
- SANe0
- Outcome
- marketable yieldse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Setting
- fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, SAN increases Rooster canopy greenness and marketable yields of both Rooster and Shelford”
t0“Potato”
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