Abstract
Abstract Variations in weather conditions can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield. This study aimed to determine the ways in which the yield formation processes of winter wheat respond to variations in weather conditions at a large range. Five sowing dates (SDs) were set at 15‐d intervals from early October to early December during the period 2015–2017 in the North China Plain (NCP). Sowing in mid‐October (SD2) produced the highest yield, which was similar to that of conventional sowing (early October, SD1). Sowing in early December (SD5) increased wheat yields by 6.1 and 14.0% averaged two year compared to sowing in early (SD3) or late (SD4) November, respectively. The increased yield for SD5 was attributed to increased dry matter accumulation (DMA) pre‐anthesis, and greater numbers of spikes and kernels. The DMA, spike number, and kernel number were mainly influenced by the pre‐anthesis plant growth rate (PGR), which was affected by temperature from sowing to anthesis. Low temperatures (maximum temperature <18.9°C, minimum temperature <7.6°C, daily mean temperature <12.8°C) from sowing to anthesis occurred following SD3 and SD4 sowings, which decreased pre‐anthesis PGR, and in turn decreased the pre‐anthesis DMA and spike and kernel number. These eventually reducing the total biomass and grain yield. We conclude that sowing wheat extremely late (early December) has the potential to increase grain yield, which may offset the negative effects of climatic factors in the NCP.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Mid-October sowing (SD2) gave the highest winter wheat yield, similar to early October sowing (SD1)
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Sowing in mid‐October (SD2)e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Comparator
- conventional sowing (early October, SD1)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e1“Sowing in mid‐October (SD2) produced the highest yield, which was similar to that of conventional sowing (early October, SD1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Early December sowing (SD5) increased wheat yield by 6.1 percent compared with early November sowing (SD3)
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Sowing in early December (SD5)e2
- Outcome
- wheat yieldse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 6.1e2
- Qualifier
- averaged two yeare2
- Comparator
- sowing in early (SD3)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e2“Sowing in early December (SD5) increased wheat yields by 6.1 and 14.0% averaged two year compared to sowing in early (SD3) or late (SD4) November, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Early December sowing (SD5) increased wheat yield by 14.0 percent compared with late November sowing (SD4)
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Sowing in early December (SD5)e2
- Outcome
- wheat yieldse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 14.0%e2
- Qualifier
- averaged two yeare2
- Comparator
- late (SD4) Novembere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e2“Sowing in early December (SD5) increased wheat yields by 6.1 and 14.0% averaged two year compared to sowing in early (SD3) or late (SD4) November, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The SD5 yield increase was attributed to increased pre-anthesis dry matter accumulation and greater spike and kernel numbers
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Qualifier
- increased dry matter accumulation (DMA)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e3“The increased yield for SD5 was attributed to increased dry matter accumulation (DMA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter accumulation, spike number and kernel number were mainly influenced by pre-anthesis plant growth rate
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- plant growth rate (PGR)e4
- Outcome
- DMA, spike number, and kernel numbere4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e4“The DMA, spike number, and kernel number were mainly influenced by the pre‐anthesis plant growth rate (PGR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-anthesis plant growth rate was affected by temperature from sowing to anthesis
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- temperature from sowing to anthesise5
- Outcome
- PGRe4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e4“The DMA, spike number, and kernel number were mainly influenced by the pre‐anthesis plant growth rate (PGR)”
e5“which was affected by temperature from sowing to anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperatures from sowing to anthesis after SD3 and SD4 sowings decreased pre-anthesis plant growth rate
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Low temperaturese6
- Outcome
- PGRe6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Qualifier
- maximum temperature <18.9°C, minimum temperature <7.6°C, daily mean temperature <12.8°Ce6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e6“Low temperatures (maximum temperature <18.9°C, minimum temperature <7.6°C, daily mean temperature <12.8°C) from sowing to anthesis occurred following SD3 and SD4 sowings, which decreased pre‐anthesis PGR”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperatures after SD3 and SD4 sowings decreased pre-anthesis dry matter accumulation and spike and kernel number
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Low temperaturese6
- Outcome
- DMA and spike and kernel numbere7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e6“Low temperatures (maximum temperature <18.9°C, minimum temperature <7.6°C, daily mean temperature <12.8°C) from sowing to anthesis occurred following SD3 and SD4 sowings, which decreased pre‐anthesis PGR”
e7“in turn decreased the pre‐anthesis DMA and spike and kernel number”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperatures after SD3 and SD4 sowings reduced total biomass and grain yield
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Low temperaturese6
- Outcome
- total biomass and grain yielde7
- Direction
- reducinge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“can affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield”
e6“Low temperatures (maximum temperature <18.9°C, minimum temperature <7.6°C, daily mean temperature <12.8°C) from sowing to anthesis occurred following SD3 and SD4 sowings, which decreased pre‐anthesis PGR”
e7“These eventually reducing the total biomass and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Extremely late sowing in early December has the potential to increase wheat grain yield in the North China Plain
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sowing wheat extremely late (early December)e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conclude that sowing wheat extremely late (early December) has the potential to increase grain yield”
The same questions in other papers
sowing time · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
265 papers in the same direction as this paper · 191 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- positive
- positive
458 papers more in this group
See all 462 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.