Abstract
Dry-seeded rice (DSR) is a labor and water saving emerging production system. The use of pre-emergence herbicides was found to be the most effective weeds control measure under the DSR system. Although several herbicides are now available in market, the selection of right herbicides with a time of application is crucial for effective control of weeds as well as to reduce the phyto toxicity of crops. A field study in a split-plot design with three replications was conducted to evaluate the effect of application time of soil applied herbicides (viz., 3 times - before crop sowing, after crop sowing but before the first irrigation, and after sowing and first irrigation) and four weeding regimes (viz., weed free, partial-weedy, herbicide oxadiargyl 80 g ai ha-1, and pendimethalin 1000 g ai ha-1) on weed control efficacy, crop performance as well as phytotoxicity of applied herbicides under DSR system. Rice plant stand establishment was highly influenced by application time of herbicides and weeding regimes. Application of pendimethalin at 1000 g ai ha-1 significantly reduced the density of rice plant, more so as sowing was advanced. Compared with the non-treated (partial-weedy) treatment (190 to 195 rice plants m-2), pendimethalin application before sowing, after sowing but before irrigation, and after sowing and irrigation reduced rice plant density by 48, 25 and 12%, respectively. While no significant difference was observed on plant density due to the application of oxadiargyl 80 g ai ha-1, regardless of application time. In case of weed control efficacy for individual herbicides, pendimethalin effectively controlled weeds even spraying before sowing and irrigation; but comparatively less effective than spraying after irrigation. In controlling weeds, oxadiargyl was only effective when spraying after sowing and irrigation, but not before irrigation. Grain yield was significantly increased as the time of herbicide was delayed from before sowing (2.2-2.4 t ha-1), after sowing but before irrigation (2.5-2.6 t ha-1), and after sowing and irrigation (4.0-4.1 tha-1). The results suggest that pre-emergence herbicides should be applied after sowing and irrigation for controlling weeds effectively and also reduce crop toxicity under the DSR system. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(1): 15-25
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin before sowing reduced rice density by 48% versus partial-weedy plots.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- pendimethalin application before sowinge0
- Outcome
- rice plant densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 48e0
- Comparator
- non-treated (partial-weedy) treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the non-treated (partial-weedy) treatment (190 to 195 rice plants m-2), pendimethalin application before sowing, after sowing but before irrigation, and after sowing and irrigation reduced rice plant density by 48, 25 and 12%, respectively”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin after sowing before irrigation reduced rice density by 25%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- after sowing but before irrigatione0
- Outcome
- rice plant densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 25e0
- Comparator
- non-treated (partial-weedy) treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin application before sowing, after sowing but before irrigation, and after sowing and irrigation reduced rice plant density by 48, 25 and 12%, respectively”
e1“non-treated (partial-weedy) treatment (190 to 195 rice plants m-2)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin after sowing and irrigation reduced rice density by 12%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- after sowing and irrigatione0
- Outcome
- rice plant densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 12%e0
- Comparator
- non-treated (partial-weedy) treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin application before sowing, after sowing but before irrigation, and after sowing and irrigation reduced rice plant density by 48, 25 and 12%, respectively”
e1“non-treated (partial-weedy) treatment (190 to 195 rice plants m-2)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxadiargyl did not significantly alter rice plant density across timings.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- oxadiargyl 80 g ai ha-1e0
- Outcome
- plant densitye0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant difference was observed on plant density due to the application of oxadiargyl 80 g ai ha-1, regardless of application time”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin controlled weeds before sowing and irrigation but less effectively than after irrigation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethaline0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- controlled weedse0
- Direction
- less effectivee0
- Comparator
- spraying after irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin effectively controlled weeds even spraying before sowing and irrigation; but comparatively less effective than spraying after irrigation”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxadiargyl controlled weeds only after sowing and irrigation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- oxadiargyle0
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- controlling weedse1
- Direction
- only effectivee0
- Comparator
- before irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oxadiargyl was only effective when spraying after sowing and irrigation, but not before irrigation”
e1“In controlling weeds”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield increased significantly with later herbicide application, reaching 4.0-4.1 tha-1 after irrigation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- after sowing and irrigatione0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.0-4.1 tha-1e0
- Comparator
- before sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was significantly increased as the time of herbicide was delayed from before sowing (2.2-2.4 t ha-1), after sowing but before irrigation (2.5-2.6 t ha-1), and after sowing and irrigation (4.0-4.1 tha-1)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend applying pre-emergence herbicides after sowing and irrigation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- pre-emergence herbicides should be applied after sowing and irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pre-emergence herbicides should be applied after sowing and irrigation for controlling weeds effectively and also reduce crop toxicity under the DSR system”
t0“Rice”
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