Abstract
Green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wildzek) is a neglected crop with great potential to boost food security among small scale farmers. Inoculation of this crop with beneficial soil microbiota can sustainably improve its production especially under water stress conditions. Here, we aimed at determining the effect of bradyrhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) co-inoculation on growth and nitrogen fixation of green grams under water stress conditions. Potted green grams variety KS20 were planted in sterilized soil and inoculated with Bradyrhizobium, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus irregularis, a commercial consortium of four AMF isolates (Rhizophagus irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus aggregatum) and a consortium of the four aforementioned AMF isolates and Bradyrhizobium. The plants were subjected to three water stress levels, irrigation after interval of 4 days, 8 days and 12 days and maintained for 50 days. After harvesting, the plants were measured for nodulation, percentage root mycorrhizal colonization, growth parameters and shoot nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K). Remarkably, all AMF inoculations significantly P ≤ 0.05 increased shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW) and P compared to Bradyrhizobium and control plants under all the watering regimes. Inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis resulted to highest shoot dry weight, root dry weight and P under water regime 3, which provided the most intense water stress condition. Moreover, strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.8765, P = 0.006) was observed between shoot dry weight, P and AMF root colonization under all watering regimes.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculations increased shoot and root dry weight compared with Bradyrhizobium and controls across watering regimes.
- Taxon
- Green gram
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiata var. radiatat0 - Treatment
- AMF inoculationse0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under all the watering regimese0
- Comparator
- Bradyrhizobium and control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“all AMF inoculations significantly P ≤ 0.05 increased shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW) and P compared to Bradyrhizobium and control plants under all the watering regimes”
t0“green grams (Vigna radiata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculations increased shoot phosphorus compared with Bradyrhizobium and controls across watering regimes.
- Taxon
- green gramsVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculationse0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Pe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Bradyrhizobium and control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all AMF inoculations significantly P ≤ 0.05 increased shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW) and P compared to Bradyrhizobium and control plants under all the watering regimes”
t0“green grams (Vigna radiata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizophagus irregularis produced the highest shoot and root dry weight under the most intense water stress.
- Taxon
- green gramsVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularise0
- Interactor
- Rhizophagus irregularis
Rhizophagus irregularise0symbiont - Outcome
- shoot dry weight, root dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- under water regime 3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis resulted to highest shoot dry weight, root dry weight and P under water regime 3, which provided the most intense water stress condition”
t0“green grams (Vigna radiata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizophagus irregularis produced the highest phosphorus under the most intense water stress.
- Taxon
- green gramsVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularise0
- Interactor
- Rhizophagus irregularisRhizophagus irregularise0symbiont
- Outcome
- Pe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis resulted to highest shoot dry weight, root dry weight and P under water regime 3, which provided the most intense water stress condition”
t0“green grams (Vigna radiata L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot dry weight, phosphorus and AMF root colonization were positively correlated across watering regimes.
- Taxon
- green gramsVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot dry weight, P and AMF root colonizatione0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- R2 = 0.8765e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.8765, P = 0.006) was observed between shoot dry weight, P and AMF root colonization under all watering regimes”
t0“green grams (Vigna radiata L.)”
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