Abstract
Abstract Plants flower under appropriate day-length conditions by integrating temporal information provided by the circadian clock with light and dark information from the environment. A sub-group of plant specific circadian clock-associated PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR (PRR) genes (PRR7/PRR3 sub-group) controls flowering time both in long-day and short-day plants; however, flowering control by the other two PRR gene sub-groups has been reported only in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), a model long-day plant. Here, we show that an Arabidopsis PRR9/PRR5 sub-group gene can control flowering time (heading date) in rice, a short-day plant. Although PRR5 promotes flowering in Arabidopsis, transgenic rice overexpressing Arabidopsis PRR5 caused late flowering. Such transgenic rice plants produced significantly higher biomass, but not grain yield, due to the late flowering. Concomitantly, expression of Hd3a, a rice florigen gene, was reduced in the transgenic rice. Abbreviations CCT: CONSTANS, CONSTANS-LIKE, and TOC1; HD: HEADING DATE; LHY: LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL; Ppd: photoperiod; PR: pseudo-receiver; PRR: PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR; TOC1: TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1; ZTL: ZEITLUPE
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis PRR5 overexpression delayed rice flowering.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- overexpressing Arabidopsis PRR5e0
- Gene
- Arabidopsis PRR5e0
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- latee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transgenic rice overexpressing Arabidopsis PRR5 caused late flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic rice overexpressing Arabidopsis PRR5 produced significantly higher biomass.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- transgenic rice plantse0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- due to the late floweringe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such transgenic rice plants produced significantly higher biomass, but not grain yield, due to the late flowering”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic rice did not have higher grain yield despite its higher biomass.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- transgenic rice plantse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- not grain yielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such transgenic rice plants produced significantly higher biomass, but not grain yield, due to the late flowering”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hd3a expression was reduced in transgenic rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- transgenic ricee0
- Gene
- Hd3ae0
- Outcome
- expression of Hd3ae0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of Hd3a, a rice florigen gene, was reduced in the transgenic rice”