Abstract
The objective of this investigation was the identification of compounds present in grape pomace, seed and skin extracts and the evaluation of their antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas citri in vitro and in vivo using preventive and curative methods. β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were detected in grape pomace extracts. The screening of the antibacterial activity demonstrated that all extracts have antibacterial activities against X. citri The MIC and MBC values of tested extracts were between 350 and 700 μg/mL. The in vivo test showed that the preventive method was more effective than curative method. No viable cells of X. citri were detected at 7 d in lemons treated with 1000 μg of grape pomace, seed and skin extracts/mL, 500 μg of β-sitosterol/mL or 750 μg of stigmasterol/mL, using preventive method. Grape pomace extracts could be reuse by applying as natural antibacterial agent against Xanthomonas citri, etiologic agent of citrus canker in lemons.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Grape pomace extracts contained β-sitosterol and stigmasterol.
Verbatim
e0“β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were detected in grape pomace extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested grape extracts showed antibacterial activity against X. citri.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Interactor
- X. citri
Xanthomonas citrie0pathogen - Outcome
- antibacterial activities against X. citrie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all extracts have antibacterial activities against X. citri”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
The tested extracts had MIC and MBC values between 350 and 700 μg/mL.
Verbatim
e0“The MIC and MBC values of tested extracts were between 350 and 700 μg/mL”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive application was more effective than curative application in lemons.
- Taxon
- lemons
Citrus ×limont0 - Treatment
- preventive methode0
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- curative methode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the preventive method was more effective than curative method”
t0“lemons”
Claim · model-written summary
No viable X. citri cells were found after seven days in lemons preventively treated with 1000 μg/mL grape pomace extract.
- Taxon
- lemonsCitrus ×limone0
- Treatment
- 1000 μg of grape pomacee0
- Interactor
- X. citriXanthomonas citrie0pathogen
- Outcome
- No viable cells of X. citrie0
- Qualifier
- at 7 de0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No viable cells of X. citri were detected at 7 d in lemons treated with 1000 μg of grape pomace, seed and skin extracts/mL, 500 μg of β-sitosterol/mL or 750 μg of stigmasterol/mL, using preventive method”
Claim · model-written summary
No viable X. citri cells were found after seven days in lemons preventively treated with 1000 μg/mL grape seed extract.
- Taxon
- lemonsCitrus ×limone0
- Treatment
- seed and skin extracts/mLe0
- Interactor
- X. citriXanthomonas citrie0pathogen
- Outcome
- No viable cells of X. citrie0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No viable cells of X. citri were detected at 7 d in lemons treated with 1000 μg of grape pomace, seed and skin extracts/mL, 500 μg of β-sitosterol/mL or 750 μg of stigmasterol/mL, using preventive method”
Claim · model-written summary
No viable X. citri cells were found after seven days in lemons preventively treated with 1000 μg/mL grape skin extract.
- Taxon
- lemonsCitrus ×limone0
- Treatment
- skin extracts/mLe0
- Interactor
- X. citriXanthomonas citrie0pathogen
- Outcome
- No viable cells of X. citrie0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No viable cells of X. citri were detected at 7 d in lemons treated with 1000 μg of grape pomace, seed and skin extracts/mL, 500 μg of β-sitosterol/mL or 750 μg of stigmasterol/mL, using preventive method”
Claim · model-written summary
No viable X. citri cells were found after seven days in lemons preventively treated with 500 μg/mL β-sitosterol.
- Taxon
- lemonsCitrus ×limone0
- Treatment
- 500 μg of β-sitosterol/mLe0
- Interactor
- X. citriXanthomonas citrie0pathogen
- Outcome
- No viable cells of X. citrie0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No viable cells of X. citri were detected at 7 d in lemons treated with 1000 μg of grape pomace, seed and skin extracts/mL, 500 μg of β-sitosterol/mL or 750 μg of stigmasterol/mL, using preventive method”
Claim · model-written summary
No viable X. citri cells were found after seven days in lemons preventively treated with 750 μg/mL stigmasterol.
- Taxon
- lemonsCitrus ×limone0
- Treatment
- 750 μg of stigmasterol/mLe0
- Interactor
- X. citriXanthomonas citrie0pathogen
- Outcome
- No viable cells of X. citrie0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No viable cells of X. citri were detected at 7 d in lemons treated with 1000 μg of grape pomace, seed and skin extracts/mL, 500 μg of β-sitosterol/mL or 750 μg of stigmasterol/mL, using preventive method”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose reusing grape pomace extracts as a natural antibacterial agent against citrus canker in lemons.
- Taxon
- lemonsCitrus ×limone0
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas citriXanthomonas citrie0pathogen
- Outcome
- applying as natural antibacterial agent against Xanthomonas citrie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grape pomace extracts could be reuse by applying as natural antibacterial agent against Xanthomonas citri, etiologic agent of citrus canker in lemons”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · Xanthomonas citri · Citrus x limon (lemon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.