Abstract
Oats are commonly consumed as whole grains and generally considered as a healthy food. However, the bioactive compounds in oats have not been fully investigated. In this study, we reported for the first time the purification, structure elucidation, and chemical profile of the major triterpenoid saponins in oat bran as well as the quantification of the major triterpenoid saponins in commercial oat products. Thirteen triterpenoid saponins (1–13) were purified from oat bran. Their structures were characterized by analyzing their high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS), one-dimensional (1-D), and two-dimensional (2-D) NMR spectra. All of the purified triterpenoid saponins have been reported from oat bran for the first time, in which compounds (1–8) are newly discovered compounds and compound (9) is a new natural product. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry techniques, a complete profile of oat triterpenoid saponins was established, and the contents of the 13 purified triterpenoid saponins were quantitated in 19 different commercial oat products. The total levels of the 13 triterpenoid saponins varied from 1.77 to 18.20 μg/g in these 19 products, in which oat bran (11 samples) and oatmeal (three samples) had higher levels than cold oat cereal (five samples). Among the 11 commercial oat bran samples, the average total levels of the 13 triterpenoid saponins in the five sprouted oat samples are slightly higher than those in the regular oat bran products.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Thirteen triterpenoid saponins were purified from oat bran.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae0 - Organ / stage
- brane0
- Outcome
- triterpenoid saponinse0
- Value
- Thirteene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thirteen triterpenoid saponins (1–13) were purified from oat bran”
Claim · model-written summary
All purified saponins were first reported from oat bran.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Organ / stage
- brane0
- Outcome
- triterpenoid saponinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All of the purified triterpenoid saponins have been reported from oat bran for the first time”
Claim · model-written summary
Compounds 1–8 were newly discovered.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Outcome
- newly discovered compoundse0
- Value
- 1–8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compounds (1–8) are newly discovered compounds”
t0“Oat Bran”
Claim · model-written summary
Compound 9 was a new natural product.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Outcome
- new natural producte0
- Value
- 9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compound (9) is a new natural product”
t0“Oat Bran”
Claim · model-written summary
A complete oat saponin profile was established.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Outcome
- complete profile of oat triterpenoid saponinse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a complete profile of oat triterpenoid saponins was established”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirteen saponins were quantified in 19 commercial oat products.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Outcome
- contents of the 13 purified triterpenoid saponinse0
- Value
- 19 different commercial oat productse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of the 13 purified triterpenoid saponins were quantitated in 19 different commercial oat products”
Claim · model-written summary
Total saponin levels varied from 1.77 to 18.20 μg/g.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Outcome
- total levels of the 13 triterpenoid saponinse0
- Direction
- variede0
- Value
- 1.77 to 18.20 μg/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total levels of the 13 triterpenoid saponins varied from 1.77 to 18.20 μg/g in these 19 products”
t0“Oat Bran”
Claim · model-written summary
Oat bran and oatmeal had higher saponin levels than cold oat cereal.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Outcome
- levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- cold oat cereale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oat bran (11 samples) and oatmeal (three samples) had higher levels than cold oat cereal (five samples)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sprouted oat bran had slightly higher average saponin levels than regular bran.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Material
- sprouted oat samplese0
- Outcome
- average total levels of the 13 triterpenoid saponinse0
- Direction
- slightly highere0
- Comparator
- regular oat bran productse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the average total levels of the 13 triterpenoid saponins in the five sprouted oat samples are slightly higher than those in the regular oat bran products”