Abstract
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses which affected on plant growth and reduces plant productivity. Antioxidants compounds considered as one of the methods and strategies to ameliorate the deleterious effects of salinity stress on plants to reduce the effect of oxidative stress. Field experiment was carried out at Sinnuris District which located mainly adjacent to Lake Qarun (saline soil) at El Fayoum Governorate (latitude 29°20 and 29°30 N and longitude 30°43 and 30°56 E) during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 growing seasons to study the effect of relation between three application methods (seed soaking, foliar spraying and seed soaking plus foliar spraying together) and four concentrations (without treatment, tap water, 100 ppm and 200 ppm of ascorbic acid) of ascorbic acid on some biochemical and physiological characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity as well as growth, yield and quality of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera, L.) under salt stress conditions. The treatments were arranged in a strip-split plot design with three replications. The vertical plots were occupied with three application methods while, the horizontal plots were devoted to four ascorbic acid treatments.Results showed that application of soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar spraying at 50 and 70 days from sowing significantly increased chlorophyll a, b and carotenoides, LAI, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities , yield components and sucrose % in both seasons while juice impurities (K, Na and α -Amino -N) were decreased and significantly increased root yield by (9.19, 9.63%) and sugar yield by (13.43, 15.59%) compared to AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spray in the 1st season and the same trend was attained in the 2nd season.Applying 200 ppm of ascorbic acid was more effective and significantly increased root and sugar yields and sucrose % and caused more reduction in juice impurities in comparison to the control, in both seasons.Higher stomata area, lower stomata density and stomata closure% were recorded by seed soaking plus foliar spraying with 200 ppm AsA treatment for upper and lower surface of sugar beet leaf. Applying seed soaking plus foliar spraying by 200 ppm of ascorbic acid significantly increased root yield by (6.99 and 4.54 ton/fed) and sugar yield by (2.19 and 2.06 ton/fed) over that gained by untreated plants in the 1st and 2nd seasons.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Combined seed soaking and foliar spraying increased leaf pigments.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar sprayinge0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a, b and carotenoidese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- at 50 and 70 days from sowinge0
- Comparator
- AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spraye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar spraying at 50 and 70 days from sowing significantly increased chlorophyll a, b and carotenoides”
e1“compared to AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spray”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application increased LAI and antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar sprayinge0
- Outcome
- LAI, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spraye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar spraying at 50 and 70 days from sowing significantly increased chlorophyll a, b and carotenoides, LAI, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities”
e1“compared to AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spray”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application increased yield components and sucrose percentage.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar sprayinge0
- Outcome
- yield components and sucrose %e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spraye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar spraying at 50 and 70 days from sowing significantly increased chlorophyll a, b and carotenoides, LAI, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities , yield components and sucrose %”
e1“compared to AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spray”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application decreased juice impurities.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar sprayinge0
- Outcome
- juice impurities (K, Na and α -Amino -N)e1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spraye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar spraying at 50 and 70 days from sowing”
e1“juice impurities (K, Na and α -Amino -N) were decreased”
e2“compared to AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spray”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application increased root yield by 9.19% and 9.63% in the first season relative to single methods.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar sprayinge0
- Outcome
- root yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 9.19, 9.63%e1
- Comparator
- AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spraye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar spraying”
e1“significantly increased root yield by (9.19, 9.63%)”
e2“compared to AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spray”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application increased sugar yield by 13.43% and 15.59% in the first season relative to single methods.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar sprayinge0
- Outcome
- sugar yielde1
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 13.43, 15.59%e1
- Comparator
- AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spraye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking sugar beet seed in ascorbic acid (AsA) plus foliar spraying”
e1“sugar yield by (13.43, 15.59%)”
e2“significantly increased root yield by (9.19, 9.63%) and sugar yield by (13.43, 15.59%) compared to AsA applied as a seed soaking or foliar spray”
Claim · model-written summary
A 200 ppm dose increased root and sugar yields and sucrose percentage relative to control.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 200 ppm of ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- root and sugar yields and sucrose %e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying 200 ppm of ascorbic acid was more effective and significantly increased root and sugar yields and sucrose % and caused more reduction in juice impurities in comparison to the control, in both seasons”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
A 200 ppm dose reduced juice impurities relative to control.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 200 ppm of ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- juice impuritiese0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying 200 ppm of ascorbic acid was more effective and significantly increased root and sugar yields and sucrose % and caused more reduction in juice impurities in comparison to the control, in both seasons”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application at 200 ppm produced higher stomata area.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Organ / stage
- upper and lower surface of sugar beet leafe0
- Treatment
- seed soaking plus foliar spraying with 200 ppm AsAe0
- Outcome
- stomata areae0
- Direction
- Highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher stomata area, lower stomata density and stomata closure% were recorded by seed soaking plus foliar spraying with 200 ppm AsA treatment for upper and lower surface of sugar beet leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application at 200 ppm produced lower stomata density and closure percentage.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- seed soaking plus foliar spraying with 200 ppm AsAe0
- Outcome
- stomata density and stomata closure%e0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher stomata area, lower stomata density and stomata closure% were recorded by seed soaking plus foliar spraying with 200 ppm AsA treatment for upper and lower surface of sugar beet leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application at 200 ppm increased root yield by 6.99 and 4.54 ton/fed over untreated plants in the two seasons.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- seed soaking plus foliar spraying by 200 ppm of ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- root yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6.99 and 4.54 ton/fede0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying seed soaking plus foliar spraying by 200 ppm of ascorbic acid significantly increased root yield by (6.99 and 4.54 ton/fed) and sugar yield by (2.19 and 2.06 ton/fed) over that gained by untreated plants in the 1st and 2nd seasons”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application at 200 ppm increased sugar yield by 2.19 and 2.06 ton/fed over untreated plants in the two seasons.
- Taxon
- Sugar BeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- seed soaking plus foliar spraying by 200 ppm of ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.19 and 2.06 ton/fede0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying seed soaking plus foliar spraying by 200 ppm of ascorbic acid significantly increased root yield by (6.99 and 4.54 ton/fed) and sugar yield by (2.19 and 2.06 ton/fed) over that gained by untreated plants in the 1st and 2nd seasons”
t0“Sugar Beet”
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8 of 16 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.