Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a complex disease of wheat and barley caused by several Fusarium species. In recent years, a variation in the composition of the FHB community has been observed in several wheat cultivation areas across the world. In detail, F. avenaceum and F. poae increased their frequencies, while, a lower F. graminearum and F. culmorum incidence was simultaneously observed. These shifts within the FHB complex might have been caused by different factors, including the selective pressure caused by fungicides used to control the disease in the field. Therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate, both in in vitro experiments and in field trials, the activity of commonly used fungicides of wheat (tebuconazole, metconazole, prothioconazole and prochloraz) towards the above mentioned four Fusarium species. RESULTS: A preliminary in vitro assay revealed that low concentrations of all tested fungicides caused the incomplete reduction of fungal development. Furthermore, F. poae and F. avenaceum showed, at the same time, a lower sensitivity to all tested fungicides. In field trials, all fungicides showed an activity against the four Fusarium species. However, F. avenaceum exhibited a reduced sensitivity to metconazole. The lower efficacy of metconazole towards F. avenaceum was also confirmed by an additional in vitro experiment on several F. avenaceum and F. graminearum different strains. CONCLUSION: The selective pressure exerted by the extensive use of certain fungicides may influence population dynamics of Fusarium species due to their different sensitivity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Low concentrations of tested fungicides incompletely reduced fungal development in vitro.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- low concentrations of all tested fungicidese1
- Interactor
- fungale1pathogen
- Outcome
- fungal developmente1
- Direction
- reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicides of wheat”
e1“low concentrations of all tested fungicides caused the incomplete reduction of fungal development”
Claim · model-written summary
F. poae showed lower sensitivity to all tested fungicides.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- F. poae
Fusarium poaee1pathogen - Outcome
- lower sensitivity to all tested fungicidese1
- Direction
- lowere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicides of wheat”
e1“F. poae and F. avenaceum showed, at the same time, a lower sensitivity to all tested fungicides”
Claim · model-written summary
F. avenaceum showed lower sensitivity to all tested fungicides.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- F. avenaceum
Fusarium avenaceume1pathogen - Outcome
- lower sensitivity to all tested fungicidese1
- Direction
- lowere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicides of wheat”
e1“F. poae and F. avenaceum showed, at the same time, a lower sensitivity to all tested fungicides”
Claim · model-written summary
All fungicides had activity against four Fusarium species in field trials.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- all fungicidese1
- Outcome
- activity against the four Fusarium speciese1
- Setting
- field trialse1
FusariumNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicides of wheat”
e1“In field trials, all fungicides showed an activity against the four Fusarium species.”
Claim · model-written summary
F. avenaceum had reduced sensitivity to metconazole in field trials, corroborated in vitro.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- F. avenaceumFusarium avenaceume1pathogen
- Outcome
- reduced sensitivity to metconazolee1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- additional in vitro experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicides of wheat”
e1“F. avenaceum exhibited a reduced sensitivity to metconazole.”
e2“The lower efficacy of metconazole towards F. avenaceum was also confirmed by an additional in vitro experiment”
The same questions in other papers
fungicide · Fusarium · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
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- no effect
- negative
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See all 28 papers →fungicide · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
134 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
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See all 157 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.