Abstract
Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide. Induction of resistance is a promising and safe management option that should be investigated in relation to its possible influence on the pine tree ecosystem, including the surrounding microbial communities. In this study, two main resistance-inducing chemical elicitors, methyl salicylic acid (MeSA) and acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM), were tested for their control efficiency against PWD and their influence on the rhizosphere microbial composition. Foliar treatment of pine seedlings with the chemical elicitors resulted in a reduction in PWD severity, with ASM showing better control efficacy, reaching up to 73% compared to the untreated control. Moreover, bacterial community analysis of the rhizosphere revealed significant changes in several microbial taxa that were present at low relative abundance. In particular, ASM treatment resulted in a significant increase in specific microbial taxa, including members of the Rhodanobacter, Devosia, Bradyrhizobium, Acidibacter, Mesorhizobium, and Hyphomicrobium genera, which are known to play ecological and plant growth-promoting roles. Furthermore, chitinolytic bacteria were shown to be reduced in response to treatment with both MeSA and ASM. Altogether, the present findings demonstrate the occurrence of significant alterations in several ecologically important microbial taxa after treatment with resistance-inducing chemicals. As compared to MeSA treatment, ASM treatment was more effective at suppressing PWD and resulted in more beneficial changes in rhizosphere microbial composition.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar elicitor treatment of pine seedlings reduced PWD severity
- Treatment
- Foliar treatment of pine seedlings with the chemical elicitorse1
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Bursaphelenchus xylophiluse0pathogen - Outcome
- PWD severitye1
- Direction
- reductione1
PinusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide”
e1“Foliar treatment of pine seedlings with the chemical elicitors resulted in a reduction in PWD severity”
Claim · model-written summary
ASM reached up to 73% control efficacy against PWD compared with the untreated control
- Treatment
- ASMe2
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophiluse0pathogen
- Outcome
- control efficacye2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 73%e2
- Comparator
- untreated controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide”
e2“ASM showing better control efficacy, reaching up to 73% compared to the untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
ASM suppressed PWD more effectively than MeSA
- Treatment
- ASM treatmente6
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophiluse0pathogen
- Outcome
- suppressing PWDe6
- Direction
- more effectivee6
- Comparator
- MeSA treatmente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide”
e6“As compared to MeSA treatment, ASM treatment was more effective at suppressing PWD and resulted in more beneficial changes in rhizosphere microbial composition”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizosphere bacterial community showed significant changes in several microbial taxa of pine seedlings
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophiluse0pathogen
- Outcome
- changes in several microbial taxae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide”
e3“bacterial community analysis of the rhizosphere revealed significant changes in several microbial taxa”
Claim · model-written summary
ASM significantly increased specific rhizosphere microbial taxa
- Treatment
- ASM treatmente4
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophiluse0pathogen
- Outcome
- specific microbial taxae4
- Direction
- increasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide”
e4“ASM treatment resulted in a significant increase in specific microbial taxa”
Claim · model-written summary
MeSA reduced chitinolytic bacteria
- Treatment
- MeSAe5
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophiluse0pathogen
- Outcome
- chitinolytic bacteriae5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide”
e5“chitinolytic bacteria were shown to be reduced in response to treatment with both MeSA and ASM”
Claim · model-written summary
ASM reduced chitinolytic bacteria
- Treatment
- ASMe5
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophiluse0pathogen
- Outcome
- chitinolytic bacteriae5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide”
e5“chitinolytic bacteria were shown to be reduced in response to treatment with both MeSA and ASM”
Claim · model-written summary
ASM produced more beneficial changes in rhizosphere microbial composition than MeSA
- Treatment
- ASM treatmente6
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophiluse0pathogen
- Outcome
- rhizosphere microbial compositione6
- Direction
- more beneficial changese6
- Comparator
- MeSA treatmente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a major threat to pine forests worldwide”
e6“As compared to MeSA treatment, ASM treatment was more effective at suppressing PWD and resulted in more beneficial changes in rhizosphere microbial composition”
The same questions in other papers
application · Bursaphelenchus xylophilus · PinusResults agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.