Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of seed priming on germination and growth of A. millefolium by means of laboratory and greenhouse experiments conducted during 2018 in the Agricultural University of Athens. Treatments were GA3 (400 and 800 ppm), potassium nitrate (2% and 4%), polyethylene-glycol (soaking for 12 and 24h) besides an untreated control. Experiment in Petri dishes revealed that GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at concentration 2 and 4%) and PEG significantly increased germination percentage of A. millefolium, while germination rate was also significantly improved as a result of all seed priming techniques. In addition, due to the soil experiment, seedling emergence was significantly increased by GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at both concentrations) and PEG compared with the untreated seeds. Dry biomass of the young seedlings was significantly enhanced by means of GA3 (at 400 and 800 ppm), KNO3 (4%) and PEG for 24 h, indicating the potential effect of seed priming on first growth as well. The results of the present study revealed the significant positive effects of seed priming on A. millefolium seed germination, seedling emergence and early growth.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 400 ppm significantly increased germination percentage.
- Taxon
- A. millefolium
Achillea millefoliume0 - Treatment
- GA3 at 400 ppme0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at concentration 2 and 4%) and PEG significantly increased germination percentage of A. millefolium”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium nitrate at 2 and 4% significantly increased germination percentage.
- Taxon
- A. millefoliumAchillea millefoliume0
- Treatment
- potassium nitrate (at concentration 2 and 4%)e0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium nitrate (at concentration 2 and 4%) and PEG significantly increased germination percentage of A. millefolium”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG significantly increased germination percentage.
- Taxon
- A. millefoliumAchillea millefoliume0
- Treatment
- PEGe0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG significantly increased germination percentage of A. millefolium”
Claim · model-written summary
All seed priming techniques significantly improved germination rate.
- Taxon
- A. millefoliumAchillea millefoliume1
- Treatment
- all seed priming techniquese0
- Outcome
- germination ratee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“germination rate was also significantly improved as a result of all seed priming techniques”
t0“Achillea millefolium L.”
e1“GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at concentration 2 and 4%) and PEG significantly increased germination percentage of A. millefolium”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 400 ppm significantly increased seedling emergence.
- Taxon
- Achillea millefolium L.Achillea millefoliumt0
- Treatment
- GA3 at 400 ppme0
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seedling emergence was significantly increased by GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at both concentrations) and PEG compared with the untreated seeds”
t0“Achillea millefolium L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium nitrate at both concentrations significantly increased seedling emergence.
- Taxon
- Achillea millefolium L.Achillea millefoliumt0
- Treatment
- potassium nitrate (at both concentrations)e0
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seedling emergence was significantly increased by GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at both concentrations) and PEG compared with the untreated seeds”
t0“Achillea millefolium L.”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG significantly increased seedling emergence.
- Taxon
- Achillea millefolium L.Achillea millefoliumt0
- Treatment
- PEGe0
- Outcome
- seedling emergencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seedling emergence was significantly increased by GA3 at 400 ppm, potassium nitrate (at both concentrations) and PEG compared with the untreated seeds”
t0“Achillea millefolium L.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 400 and 800 ppm significantly enhanced young seedling dry biomass.
- Taxon
- Achillea millefolium L.Achillea millefoliumt0
- Treatment
- GA3 (at 400 and 800 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- Dry biomass of the young seedlingse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry biomass of the young seedlings was significantly enhanced by means of GA3 (at 400 and 800 ppm), KNO3 (4%) and PEG for 24 h”
t0“Achillea millefolium L.”
Claim · model-written summary
KNO3 at 4% significantly enhanced young seedling dry biomass.
- Taxon
- Achillea millefolium L.Achillea millefoliumt0
- Treatment
- KNO3 (4%)e0
- Outcome
- Dry biomass of the young seedlingse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry biomass of the young seedlings was significantly enhanced by means of GA3 (at 400 and 800 ppm), KNO3 (4%) and PEG for 24 h”
t0“Achillea millefolium L.”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG for 24 h significantly enhanced young seedling dry biomass.
- Taxon
- Achillea millefolium L.Achillea millefoliumt0
- Treatment
- PEG for 24 he0
- Outcome
- Dry biomass of the young seedlingse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry biomass of the young seedlings was significantly enhanced by means of GA3 (at 400 and 800 ppm), KNO3 (4%) and PEG for 24 h”
t0“Achillea millefolium L.”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · growth · Achillea millefoliumResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
potassium nitrate · growth · Achillea millefoliumResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
drought · growth · Achillea millefoliumPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
seed treatment · growth · Achillea millefoliumResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.