Abstract
To investigate the effect of foliar application of nano-chelates of iron, zinc, and manganese subjected to different irrigation conditions on physiological traits, and yield of soybean (cultivar M9), a split plot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in two crop years (2016–2017). The main plot included four levels of irrigation (I): full irrigation (I1), irrigation withhold at flowering stage (I2), irrigation withhold at podding stage (I3), and irrigation withhold during the grain filling period (I4). Also, the subplot included eight levels of foliar application with Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe + Zn, Fe + Mn, Zn + Mn, Fe + Zn + Mn nano-chelates, and distilled water (control). The results of combined analysis of variance suggested that the effect of irrigation and foliar application of nano-chelate was significant on all traits. Water deficit stress significantly reduced the grain yield. The minimum numbers of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, 100-seed weight per plant, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, total dry weight of plant, and the grain yield were obtained by irrigation withhold at podding stage. Foliar application of combined nano-chelates increased the soybean resistance against water shortage more considerably than the separate consumption of these elements. Under drought stress in podding stage, the application of Fe + Zn led to the highest yield with a mean of 2613.84 kg ha−1 where this increase was 61.1% higher than control.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation and nano-chelate foliar application significantly affected all measured traits.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- irrigation and foliar application of nano-chelatee0
- Outcome
- all traitse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results of combined analysis of variance suggested that the effect of irrigation and foliar application of nano-chelate was significant on all traits.”
e1“yield of soybean (cultivar M9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit stress significantly reduced soybean grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Water deficit stresse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit stress significantly reduced the grain yield.”
e1“yield of soybean (cultivar M9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation at podding produced the minimum pod number, grain number and seed weight.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- irrigation withhold at podding stagee0
- Outcome
- numbers of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, 100-seed weight per plante0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum numbers of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, 100-seed weight per plant, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, total dry weight of plant, and the grain yield were obtained by irrigation withhold at podding stage.”
e1“yield of soybean (cultivar M9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation at podding produced the minimum leaf area index, chlorophyll concentration and total dry weight.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- irrigation withhold at podding stagee0
- Outcome
- leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, total dry weight of plante0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum numbers of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, 100-seed weight per plant, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, total dry weight of plant, and the grain yield were obtained by irrigation withhold at podding stage.”
e1“yield of soybean (cultivar M9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation at podding produced the minimum grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- irrigation withhold at podding stagee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum numbers of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, 100-seed weight per plant, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, total dry weight of plant, and the grain yield were obtained by irrigation withhold at podding stage.”
e1“yield of soybean (cultivar M9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nano-chelates increased soybean resistance to water shortage more than separate applications.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of combined nano-chelatese0
- Outcome
- soybean resistance against water shortagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- separate consumption of these elementse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of combined nano-chelates increased the soybean resistance against water shortage more considerably than the separate consumption of these elements.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under podding-stage drought, Fe + Zn yielded 2613.84 kg ha−1, 61.1% higher than control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- application of Fe + Zne0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2613.84 kg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 61.1% higher than controle0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drought stress in podding stage, the application of Fe + Zn led to the highest yield with a mean of 2613.84 kg ha−1 where this increase was 61.1% higher than control.”
e1“yield of soybean (cultivar M9)”
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