Abstract
Abstract The possible role of hydrogen sulfide as a signal mediator in the induction of heat resistance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plantlets by salicylic acid (SA) has been studied. The treatment of plantlets with SA (1 and 10 μM) or a hydrogen sulfide donor (NaHS, 0.1 and 0.25 mM) increased their resistance to damaging heating (10 min at 45°C). Under the influence of SA, a transient increase in the hydrogen sulfide content occurred in roots with the maximum effect in 2–3 h after the start of treatment. The treatment of roots with SA increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase in them. Under the influence of the hydrogen sulfide donor NaHS, the activity of SOD and catalase increased significantly. Also, the treatment of roots with SA and NaHS reduced the effect of the accumulation of the product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, which is caused by heating. The inhibitors of hydrogen sulfide synthesis, hydroxylamine and potassium pyruvate, partially eliminated the effects of the increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the development of heat resistance caused by SA. At the same time, the combined treatment of intact plantlets with 10 μM SA and 0.1 mM NaHS contributed to the additional increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased plantlet survival after heating. It is concluded that hydrogen sulfide participates in the implementation of the protective influence of SA on wheat plantlets under heat stress.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
SA increased wheat plantlet resistance to damaging heating.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- SA (1 and 10 μM)e0
- Outcome
- resistance to damaging heatinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment of plantlets with SA (1 and 10 μM) or a hydrogen sulfide donor (NaHS, 0.1 and 0.25 mM) increased their resistance to damaging heating (10 min at 45°C)”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS increased wheat plantlet resistance to damaging heating.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- hydrogen sulfide donor (NaHS, 0.1 and 0.25 mM)e0
- Outcome
- resistance to damaging heatinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment of plantlets with SA (1 and 10 μM) or a hydrogen sulfide donor (NaHS, 0.1 and 0.25 mM) increased their resistance to damaging heating (10 min at 45°C)”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
SA transiently increased hydrogen sulfide content in wheat roots, peaking after 2–3 hours.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- hydrogen sulfide contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- 2–3 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the influence of SA, a transient increase in the hydrogen sulfide content occurred in roots with the maximum effect in 2–3 h after the start of treatment”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
SA increased SOD, catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity in wheat roots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and guaiacol peroxidasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment of roots with SA increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase in them”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS significantly increased SOD and catalase activity in wheat roots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- hydrogen sulfide donor NaHSe0
- Outcome
- activity of SOD and catalasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the influence of the hydrogen sulfide donor NaHS, the activity of SOD and catalase increased significantly”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
SA reduced heat-induced malondialdehyde accumulation in wheat roots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of the product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehydee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment of roots with SA and NaHS reduced the effect of the accumulation of the product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, which is caused by heating”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS reduced heat-induced malondialdehyde accumulation in wheat roots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- NaHSe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of the product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehydee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment of roots with SA and NaHS reduced the effect of the accumulation of the product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, which is caused by heating”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydroxylamine partially eliminated the SA-induced antioxidant enzyme activity increase.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- hydroxylaminee0
- Outcome
- increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- partially eliminatede0
- Comparator
- SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitors of hydrogen sulfide synthesis, hydroxylamine and potassium pyruvate, partially eliminated the effects of the increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the development of heat resistance caused by SA”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium pyruvate partially eliminated the SA-induced antioxidant enzyme activity increase.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- potassium pyruvatee0
- Outcome
- increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- partially eliminatede0
- Comparator
- SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitors of hydrogen sulfide synthesis, hydroxylamine and potassium pyruvate, partially eliminated the effects of the increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the development of heat resistance caused by SA”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydroxylamine partially eliminated SA-induced heat resistance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- hydroxylaminee0
- Outcome
- development of heat resistancee0
- Direction
- partially eliminatede0
- Comparator
- SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitors of hydrogen sulfide synthesis, hydroxylamine and potassium pyruvate, partially eliminated the effects of the increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the development of heat resistance caused by SA”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium pyruvate partially eliminated SA-induced heat resistance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- potassium pyruvatee0
- Outcome
- development of heat resistancee0
- Direction
- partially eliminatede0
- Comparator
- SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitors of hydrogen sulfide synthesis, hydroxylamine and potassium pyruvate, partially eliminated the effects of the increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the development of heat resistance caused by SA”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined SA and NaHS further increased antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 10 μM SA and 0.1 mM NaHSe0
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- additional increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combined treatment of intact plantlets with 10 μM SA and 0.1 mM NaHS contributed to the additional increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased plantlet survival after heating”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined SA and NaHS increased survival after heating.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 10 μM SA and 0.1 mM NaHSe0
- Outcome
- plantlet survival after heatinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combined treatment of intact plantlets with 10 μM SA and 0.1 mM NaHS contributed to the additional increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased plantlet survival after heating”
t0“Wheat Plantlets”
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8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.