Abstract
Plants typically release large quantities of volatiles in response to herbivory by insects. This benefits the plants by, for instance, attracting the natural enemies of the herbivores. We show that the brown planthopper (BPH) has cleverly turned this around by exploiting herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that provide safe havens for its offspring. BPH females preferentially oviposit on rice plants already infested by the rice striped stem borer (SSB), which are avoided by the egg parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae , the most important natural enemy of BPH. Using synthetic versions of volatiles identified from plants infested by BPH and/or SSB, we demonstrate the role of HIPVs in these interactions. Moreover, greenhouse and field cage experiments confirm the adaptiveness of the BPH oviposition strategy, resulting in 80% lower parasitism rates of its eggs. Besides revealing a novel exploitation of HIPVs, these findings may lead to novel control strategies against an exceedingly important rice pest.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Brown planthopper females preferentially oviposit on rice plants already infested by the rice striped stem borer.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- infested by the rice striped stem borere1
- Interactor
- BPHe1pest
- Second interactor
- rice striped stem borere1herbivore
- Outcome
- oviposit on rice plantse1
- Direction
- preferentiallye1
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Caterpillar-induced rice volatiles”
e1“BPH females preferentially oviposit on rice plants already infested by the rice striped stem borer (SSB), which are avoided by the egg parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae , the most important natural enemy of BPH”
Claim · model-written summary
The egg parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae avoids rice plants already infested by the rice striped stem borer.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Interactor
- Anagrus nilaparvataeAnagrus nilaparvataee1biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- BPHe1pest
- Outcome
- avoided by the egg parasitoide1
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Caterpillar-induced rice volatiles”
e1“BPH females preferentially oviposit on rice plants already infested by the rice striped stem borer (SSB), which are avoided by the egg parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae , the most important natural enemy of BPH”
Claim · model-written summary
Volatiles from rice plants infested by brown planthopper and/or stem borer demonstrate a role of herbivore-induced plant volatiles in these interactions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- BPHe2pest
- Second interactor
- SSBe2herbivore
- Compound
- HIPVse2
- Outcome
- the role of HIPVs in these interactionse2
- Qualifier
- using synthetic versions of volatilese2
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Caterpillar-induced rice volatiles”
e2“Using synthetic versions of volatiles identified from plants infested by BPH and/or SSB, we demonstrate the role of HIPVs in these interactions”
Claim · model-written summary
Brown planthopper oviposition on infested rice gave 80% lower parasitism rates of its eggs in greenhouse and field cage experiments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- BPHe3pest
- Outcome
- parasitism rates of its eggse3
- Direction
- lowere3
- Value
- 80%e3
- Setting
- greenhouse and field cage experimentse3
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Caterpillar-induced rice volatiles”
e3“greenhouse and field cage experiments confirm the adaptiveness of the BPH oviposition strategy, resulting in 80% lower parasitism rates of its eggs”