Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) season of 201314 and 201415 at Ludhiana, Punjab, to study the impact of sowing methods, mulch levels and irrigation schedules on crop performance and monetary returns of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The sowing methods, i.e. bed and conventional flat sowing, did not influence significantly the growth, yield, water productivity and gross and net returns. Application of paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/ha increased the growth, dry-matter accumulation (5.3 and 11.5%), yield-attributing characters, yield (5.0 and 10.8%), water productivity (7.8 and 19.4%) and gross (4.9 and 10.8%) and net returns (2.0 and 4.2%) than 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch application respectively. Irrigation schedule of irrigation water : cumulative pan evaporation (IW : CPE) ratio of 1.0 exhibited the maximum dry-matter accumulation at harvesting, yield-attrib- uting characters, 3.7 and 5.8% higher grain yield and gross and net returns and 5.4 and 7.9% higher benefit: cost ratio than IW : CPE ratio of 0.8 and 0.6 respectively. However, water productivity was the maximum at an IW: CPE ratio of 0.6, being comparable to an IW : CPE of 0.8 and 9.7% higher than an IW : CPE of 1.0.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Bed and conventional flat sowing did not significantly influence barley growth, yield or water productivity.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- sowing methodse1
- Outcome
- growth, yield, water productivitye1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- conventional flat sowinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e1“The sowing methods, i.e. bed and conventional flat sowing, did not influence significantly the growth, yield, water productivity and gross and net returns”
Claim · model-written summary
Bed and conventional flat sowing did not significantly influence gross and net returns of barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- sowing methodse1
- Outcome
- gross and net returnse1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- conventional flat sowinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e1“The sowing methods, i.e. bed and conventional flat sowing, did not influence significantly the growth, yield, water productivity and gross and net returns”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch at 6 t/ha increased barley growth compared with 3 t/ha mulch and no mulch.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/hae2
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch applicatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e2“Application of paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/ha increased the growth, dry-matter accumulation (5.3 and 11.5%), yield-attributing characters, yield (5.0 and 10.8%), water productivity (7.8 and 19.4%) and gross (4.9 and 10.8%) and net returns (2.0 and 4.2%) than 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch application respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch at 6 t/ha increased dry-matter accumulation by 5.3 and 11.5%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/hae2
- Outcome
- dry-matter accumulatione2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 5.3 and 11.5%e2
- Comparator
- 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch applicatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e2“Application of paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/ha increased the growth, dry-matter accumulation (5.3 and 11.5%), yield-attributing characters, yield (5.0 and 10.8%), water productivity (7.8 and 19.4%) and gross (4.9 and 10.8%) and net returns (2.0 and 4.2%) than 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch application respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch at 6 t/ha increased yield-attributing characters of barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/hae2
- Outcome
- yield-attributing characterse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch applicatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e2“Application of paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/ha increased the growth, dry-matter accumulation (5.3 and 11.5%), yield-attributing characters, yield (5.0 and 10.8%), water productivity (7.8 and 19.4%) and gross (4.9 and 10.8%) and net returns (2.0 and 4.2%) than 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch application respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch at 6 t/ha increased barley yield by 5.0 and 10.8%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/hae2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 5.0 and 10.8%e2
- Comparator
- 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch applicatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e2“Application of paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/ha increased the growth, dry-matter accumulation (5.3 and 11.5%), yield-attributing characters, yield (5.0 and 10.8%), water productivity (7.8 and 19.4%) and gross (4.9 and 10.8%) and net returns (2.0 and 4.2%) than 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch application respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch at 6 t/ha increased barley water productivity by 7.8 and 19.4%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/hae2
- Outcome
- water productivitye2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 7.8 and 19.4%e2
- Comparator
- 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch applicatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e2“Application of paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/ha increased the growth, dry-matter accumulation (5.3 and 11.5%), yield-attributing characters, yield (5.0 and 10.8%), water productivity (7.8 and 19.4%) and gross (4.9 and 10.8%) and net returns (2.0 and 4.2%) than 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch application respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch at 6 t/ha increased gross returns of barley by 4.9 and 10.8%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/hae2
- Outcome
- grosse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 4.9 and 10.8%e2
- Comparator
- 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch applicatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e2“Application of paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/ha increased the growth, dry-matter accumulation (5.3 and 11.5%), yield-attributing characters, yield (5.0 and 10.8%), water productivity (7.8 and 19.4%) and gross (4.9 and 10.8%) and net returns (2.0 and 4.2%) than 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch application respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Paddy straw mulch at 6 t/ha increased barley net returns by 2.0 and 4.2%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/hae2
- Outcome
- net returnse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 2.0 and 4.2%e2
- Comparator
- 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch applicatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e2“Application of paddy straw mulch @ 6 t/ha increased the growth, dry-matter accumulation (5.3 and 11.5%), yield-attributing characters, yield (5.0 and 10.8%), water productivity (7.8 and 19.4%) and gross (4.9 and 10.8%) and net returns (2.0 and 4.2%) than 3 t/ha mulch and no-mulch application respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
An irrigation water to pan evaporation ratio of 1.0 gave the maximum dry-matter accumulation of barley at harvest.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- irrigation water : cumulative pan evaporation (IW : CPE) ratio of 1.0e3
- Outcome
- dry-matter accumulation at harvestinge3
- Direction
- maximume3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e3“Irrigation schedule of irrigation water : cumulative pan evaporation (IW : CPE) ratio of 1.0 exhibited the maximum dry-matter accumulation at harvesting, yield-attrib- uting characters, 3.7 and 5.8% higher grain yield and gross and net returns and 5.4 and 7.9% higher benefit: cost ratio than IW : CPE ratio of 0.8 and 0.6 respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
An irrigation water to pan evaporation ratio of 1.0 gave the maximum yield-attributing characters of barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- irrigation water : cumulative pan evaporation (IW : CPE) ratio of 1.0e3
- Outcome
- yield-attrib- uting characterse3
- Direction
- maximume3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e3“Irrigation schedule of irrigation water : cumulative pan evaporation (IW : CPE) ratio of 1.0 exhibited the maximum dry-matter accumulation at harvesting, yield-attrib- uting characters, 3.7 and 5.8% higher grain yield and gross and net returns and 5.4 and 7.9% higher benefit: cost ratio than IW : CPE ratio of 0.8 and 0.6 respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
An irrigation ratio of 1.0 raised barley grain yield, gross and net returns by 3.7 and 5.8% over ratios of 0.8 and 0.6.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- ratio of 1.0e3
- Outcome
- grain yield and gross and net returnse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 3.7 and 5.8%e3
- Comparator
- IW : CPE ratio of 0.8 and 0.6e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e3“Irrigation schedule of irrigation water : cumulative pan evaporation (IW : CPE) ratio of 1.0 exhibited the maximum dry-matter accumulation at harvesting, yield-attrib- uting characters, 3.7 and 5.8% higher grain yield and gross and net returns and 5.4 and 7.9% higher benefit: cost ratio than IW : CPE ratio of 0.8 and 0.6 respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
An irrigation ratio of 1.0 raised the barley benefit: cost ratio by 5.4 and 7.9% over ratios of 0.8 and 0.6.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- ratio of 1.0e3
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 5.4 and 7.9%e3
- Comparator
- IW : CPE ratio of 0.8 and 0.6e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e3“Irrigation schedule of irrigation water : cumulative pan evaporation (IW : CPE) ratio of 1.0 exhibited the maximum dry-matter accumulation at harvesting, yield-attrib- uting characters, 3.7 and 5.8% higher grain yield and gross and net returns and 5.4 and 7.9% higher benefit: cost ratio than IW : CPE ratio of 0.8 and 0.6 respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Water productivity was maximal at an irrigation ratio of 0.6.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- an IW: CPE ratio of 0.6e4
- Outcome
- water productivitye4
- Direction
- maximume4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e4“However, water productivity was the maximum at an IW: CPE ratio of 0.6, being comparable to an IW : CPE of 0.8 and 9.7% higher than an IW : CPE of 1.0”
Claim · model-written summary
Water productivity at an irrigation ratio of 0.8 was comparable to that at 0.6.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- an IW : CPE of 0.8e4
- Outcome
- water productivitye4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
- Comparator
- an IW: CPE ratio of 0.6e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e4“However, water productivity was the maximum at an IW: CPE ratio of 0.6, being comparable to an IW : CPE of 0.8 and 9.7% higher than an IW : CPE of 1.0”
Claim · model-written summary
Water productivity at an irrigation ratio of 0.6 was 9.7% higher than at 1.0.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- an IW: CPE ratio of 0.6e4
- Outcome
- water productivitye4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 9.7%e4
- Comparator
- an IW : CPE of 1.0e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e4“However, water productivity was the maximum at an IW: CPE ratio of 0.6, being comparable to an IW : CPE of 0.8 and 9.7% higher than an IW : CPE of 1.0”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.