Abstract
This study aims to identify the root-knot nematode (RKN) at seven olive plantations in Rajasthan (India), and understand the possible spread of RKN and its bacterial parasite, Pasteuria penetrans through olive planting material (OPM). We identified the RKN as Meloidogyne javanica based on perineal pattern morphology and species-specific SCAR marker. RKN was prevalent at all the locations with high natural incidence (50–90%) of P. penetrans in the females dissected from unstained roots. An artificial exposure of air-dried soil of seven locations to healthy juvenile (J2) of M. javanica showed that the trend was consistent with the natural population. We conclude that root hardening media comprising of dried river sand and nematode-infested soil mixed at the secondary site (Jaipur) in India possibly resulted in M. javanica infection of OPM along with P. penetrans. Our study suggests that P. penetrans proliferated to suppressive levels and kept the nematode population below damaging levels.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The olive root-knot nematode was identified as Meloidogyne javanica.
- Taxon
- olive
Olea europaeat0 - Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- RKN as Meloidogyne javanicae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We identified the RKN as Meloidogyne javanica based on perineal pattern morphology and species-specific SCAR marker”
t0“olive”
t1“olive”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-knot nematodes occurred at all sampled olive locations.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematode
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynet0pathogen - Outcome
- RKN was prevalent at all the locationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“RKN was prevalent at all the locations”
t0“Association of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) in olive”
t1“Association of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) in olive”
Claim · model-written summary
Pasteuria penetrans incidence in dissected nematode females was 50–90%.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Interactor
- P. penetransPasteuria penetranse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- incidence (50–90%) of P. penetrans in the femalese0
- Value
- 50–90%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high natural incidence (50–90%) of P. penetrans in the females dissected from unstained roots”
t0“olive”
t1“olive”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil exposure to healthy juveniles yielded a trend consistent with natural populations.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- artificial exposure of air-dried soil of seven locations to healthy juvenile (J2) of M. javanicae0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- trend was consistente0
- Direction
- consistente0
- Comparator
- natural populatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An artificial exposure of air-dried soil of seven locations to healthy juvenile (J2) of M. javanica showed that the trend was consistent with the natural population”
t0“olive”
t1“olive”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer that mixed hardening media possibly infected olive planting material with nematodes and Pasteuria.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- root hardening media comprising of dried river sand and nematode-infested soile0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. penetransPasteuria penetranse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- M. javanica infection of OPMe0
- Setting
- Jaipure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root hardening media comprising of dried river sand and nematode-infested soil mixed at the secondary site (Jaipur) in India possibly resulted in M. javanica infection of OPM along with P. penetrans”
t0“olive”
t1“olive”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest Pasteuria proliferation suppressed nematode populations below damaging levels.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeat0
- Second interactor
- P. penetransPasteuria penetranse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- nematode population below damaging levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. penetrans proliferated to suppressive levels and kept the nematode population below damaging levels”
t0“olive”
t1“olive”