Abstract
The effect of seven substances, Copper, CuO, ZnO, AlO NPs (8 mg L−1), CuO, ZnO, AlO (8 mg L−1) and chitosan was evaluated under both greenhouse and field conditions during two growing seasons (2017/2018 and 2018/2019) to control powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum on marigold (Calendula officinalis). Results have shown that all the treatments tested had decreased disease severity compared to the non-treated control. In this respect, chitosan showed the best effect in decreasing disease severity followed by ZnO NPs. Meanwhile, CuO gave the lowest effect in this respect. The decrease in disease severity of powdery mildew was positively expressed by an increase in crop parameters, i.e. numbers of inflorescence weight, fresh and dry weights of plants, plant height, number of branches and increased chlorophyll ( a and b) and carotenoids.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
All seven tested substances decreased powdery mildew disease severity relative to the non-treated control on marigold under greenhouse and field conditions.
- Taxon
- marigold (Calendula officinalis)
Calendula officinalise1 - Treatment
- seven substancese0
- Interactor
- Erysiphe cichoracearum
Golovinomyces cichoracearume1pathogen - Outcome
- disease severitye2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Comparator
- non-treated controle2
- Setting
- greenhouse and field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seven substances, Copper, CuO, ZnO, AlO NPs (8 mg L−1), CuO, ZnO, AlO (8 mg L−1) and chitosan was evaluated under both greenhouse and field conditions”
e1“to control powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum on marigold (Calendula officinalis)”
e2“all the treatments tested had decreased disease severity compared to the non-treated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan gave the greatest reduction in powdery mildew disease severity on marigold, followed by ZnO NPs.
- Taxon
- marigold (Calendula officinalis)Calendula officinalise1
- Treatment
- chitosane3
- Interactor
- Erysiphe cichoracearumGolovinomyces cichoracearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- decreasing disease severitye3
- Direction
- best effecte3
- Comparator
- ZnO NPse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to control powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum on marigold (Calendula officinalis)”
e3“In this respect, chitosan showed the best effect in decreasing disease severity followed by ZnO NPs. Meanwhile, CuO gave the lowest effect in this respect”
Claim · model-written summary
CuO gave the lowest reduction in powdery mildew disease severity on marigold among the tested treatments.
- Taxon
- marigold (Calendula officinalis)Calendula officinalise1
- Treatment
- CuOe3
- Interactor
- Erysiphe cichoracearumGolovinomyces cichoracearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- decreasing disease severitye3
- Direction
- lowest effecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to control powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum on marigold (Calendula officinalis)”
e3“In this respect, chitosan showed the best effect in decreasing disease severity followed by ZnO NPs. Meanwhile, CuO gave the lowest effect in this respect”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower powdery mildew severity on marigold was accompanied by an increase in numbers of inflorescences and inflorescence weight.
- Taxon
- marigold (Calendula officinalis)Calendula officinalise1
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe4pathogen
- Outcome
- numbers of inflorescence weighte4
- Direction
- increasee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to control powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum on marigold (Calendula officinalis)”
e4“The decrease in disease severity of powdery mildew was positively expressed by an increase in crop parameters, i.e. numbers of inflorescence weight, fresh and dry weights of plants, plant height, number of branches and increased chlorophyll ( a and b) and carotenoids”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower powdery mildew severity on marigold was accompanied by an increase in fresh and dry weights of plants.
- Taxon
- marigold (Calendula officinalis)Calendula officinalise1
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe4pathogen
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weights of plantse4
- Direction
- increasee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to control powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum on marigold (Calendula officinalis)”
e4“The decrease in disease severity of powdery mildew was positively expressed by an increase in crop parameters, i.e. numbers of inflorescence weight, fresh and dry weights of plants, plant height, number of branches and increased chlorophyll ( a and b) and carotenoids”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower powdery mildew severity on marigold was accompanied by an increase in plant height and number of branches.
- Taxon
- marigold (Calendula officinalis)Calendula officinalise1
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe4pathogen
- Outcome
- plant height, number of branchese4
- Direction
- increasee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to control powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum on marigold (Calendula officinalis)”
e4“The decrease in disease severity of powdery mildew was positively expressed by an increase in crop parameters, i.e. numbers of inflorescence weight, fresh and dry weights of plants, plant height, number of branches and increased chlorophyll ( a and b) and carotenoids”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower powdery mildew severity on marigold was accompanied by increased chlorophyll (a and b) and carotenoids.
- Taxon
- marigold (Calendula officinalis)Calendula officinalise1
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe4pathogen
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ( a and b) and carotenoidse4
- Direction
- increasede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to control powdery mildew disease caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum on marigold (Calendula officinalis)”
e4“The decrease in disease severity of powdery mildew was positively expressed by an increase in crop parameters, i.e. numbers of inflorescence weight, fresh and dry weights of plants, plant height, number of branches and increased chlorophyll ( a and b) and carotenoids”