Abstract
Providing rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants with the required nutrients is essential in order to avoid yield reduction. As such, an experiment was performed at the Rice Research Institute of Iran in Amol Township to evaluate the effects of foliar application of nutrients on rice plants. The experiment consisted of a randomized complete block design, with four replications during 2 crop years (2016 and 2017). Experimental treatments included foliar application of nutrients [the chemical composition of liquid fertilizer was as follows: nitrogen (N): 7%, phosphorus (P): 7%, potassium (K): 7%, iron (Fe): 0.05%, boron (B): 0.05%, zinc (Zn): 0.01%, manganese (Mn): 0.01%, and copper (Cu): 0.01%] in the following growth phases: (A) midtillering stage, (B) maximum tillering, (C) panicle initiation, (D) maximum tillering + panicle initiation, (E) all stages, and (F) control treatment (no liquid fertilizer applied). Our results indicate that foliar application of nutrients in different vegetative and generative stages significantly affected plant height, number of tillers per plant, chlorophyll concentration, number of filled grains per panicle, and grain yield. However, our treatments did not significantly affect the 1,000-grain weight. Furthermore, foliar application of nutrients significantly affected physiological traits including leaf area index, growth rate, and total dry weight of plants. Our results indicate that the mean values of the investigated traits were highest in the “maximum tillering + panicle initiation” and “all stages” treatments. In contrast, the lowest mean values of the investigated traits were found in the control treatment. Foliar application of nutrients at the “maximum tillering + panicle initiation” stage resulted in the highest chlorophyll concentrations, leaf area index, and crop growth rate in the flowering stage. Our results indicate that foliar application of nutrients was most effective when applied to Sahel variety rice during two vegetative and reproductive stages.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrient application significantly affected plant height and number of tillers per plant in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- foliar application of nutrientse1
- Outcome
- plant height, number of tillers per plante1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants”
e1“foliar application of nutrients in different vegetative and generative stages significantly affected plant height, number of tillers per plant, chlorophyll concentration, number of filled grains per panicle, and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrient application significantly affected chlorophyll concentration, filled grains per panicle and grain yield in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- foliar application of nutrientse1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll concentration, number of filled grains per panicle, and grain yielde1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants”
e1“foliar application of nutrients in different vegetative and generative stages significantly affected plant height, number of tillers per plant, chlorophyll concentration, number of filled grains per panicle, and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrient application did not significantly affect 1,000-grain weight in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- foliar application of nutrientse1
- Outcome
- 1,000-grain weighte2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants”
e1“foliar application of nutrients in different vegetative and generative stages significantly affected plant height, number of tillers per plant, chlorophyll concentration, number of filled grains per panicle, and grain yield”
e2“our treatments did not significantly affect the 1,000-grain weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrient application significantly affected leaf area index, growth rate and total dry weight of rice plants.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- foliar application of nutrientse1
- Outcome
- leaf area index, growth rate, and total dry weight of plantse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants”
e1“foliar application of nutrients significantly affected physiological traits including leaf area index, growth rate, and total dry weight of plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum tillering plus panicle initiation treatment gave the highest mean values of the investigated traits in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- maximum tillering + panicle initiatione1
- Outcome
- mean values of the investigated traitse1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants”
e1“the mean values of the investigated traits were highest in the “maximum tillering + panicle initiation” and “all stages” treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The all-stages foliar treatment gave the highest mean values of the investigated traits in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- all stagese1
- Outcome
- mean values of the investigated traitse1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants”
e1“the mean values of the investigated traits were highest in the “maximum tillering + panicle initiation” and “all stages” treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The control treatment without liquid fertilizer had the lowest mean values of the investigated traits in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- control treatmente1
- Outcome
- mean values of the investigated traitse1
- Direction
- loweste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants”
e1“In contrast, the lowest mean values of the investigated traits were found in the control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrients at the maximum tillering plus panicle initiation stage gave the highest chlorophyll concentrations, leaf area index and crop growth rate in the flowering stage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- flowering stagee1
- Treatment
- maximum tillering + panicle initiatione1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll concentrations, leaf area index, and crop growth ratee1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants”
e1“Foliar application of nutrients at the “maximum tillering + panicle initiation” stage resulted in the highest chlorophyll concentrations, leaf area index, and crop growth rate in the flowering stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nutrient application is most effective when applied to Sahel variety rice during two vegetative and reproductive stages.
Verbatim
e1“Our results indicate that foliar application of nutrients was most effective when applied to Sahel variety rice during two vegetative and reproductive stages”
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See all 691 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.