Abstract
The CPA (cation proton antiporter) family plays an essential role during plant stress tolerance by regulating ionic and pH homeostasis of the cell. Radish fleshy roots are susceptible to abiotic stress during growth and development, especially salt stress. To date, CPA family genes have not yet been identified in radish and the biological functions remain unclear. In this study, 60 CPA candidate genes in radish were identified on the whole genome level, which were divided into three subfamilies including the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHX), K+ efflux antiporter (KEA), and cation/H+ exchanger (CHX) families. In total, 58 of the 60 RsCPA genes were localized to the nine chromosomes. RNA-seq. data showed that 60 RsCPA genes had various expression levels in the leaves, roots, cortex, cambium, and xylem at different development stages, as well as under different abiotic stresses. RT–qPCR analysis indicated that all nine RsNHXs genes showed up regulated trends after 250 mM NaCl exposure at 3, 6, 12, and 24h. The RsCPA31 (RsNHX1) gene, which might be the most important members of the RsNHX subfamily, exhibited obvious increased expression levels during 24h salt stress treatment. Heterologous over-and inhibited-expression of RsNHX1 in Arabidopsis showed that RsNHX1 had a positive function in salt tolerance. Furthermore, a turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV)-induced gene silence (VIGS) system was firstly used to functionally characterize the candidate gene in radish, which showed that plant with the silence of endogenous RsNHX1 was more susceptible to the salt stress. According to our results we provide insights into the complexity of the RsCPA gene family and a valuable resource to explore the potential functions of RsCPA genes in radish.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Sixty radish CPA candidates were identified and divided into NHX, KEA and CHX subfamilies.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativuse0 - Gene
- CPA candidate genese0
- Outcome
- divided into three subfamiliese0
- Value
- 60 CPA candidate genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“60 CPA candidate genes in radish were identified on the whole genome level, which were divided into three subfamilies including the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHX), K+ efflux antiporter (KEA), and cation/H+ exchanger (CHX) families.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fifty-eight of 60 RsCPA genes mapped to nine chromosomes.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Gene
- RsCPA genese0
- Outcome
- localized to the nine chromosomese0
- Value
- 58 of the 60e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“58 of the 60 RsCPA genes were localized to the nine chromosomes.”
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RsCPA genes had varied expression across tissues, stages and abiotic stresses.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Organ / stage
- leaves, roots, cortex, cambium, and xyleme0
- Gene
- RsCPA genese0
- Outcome
- various expression levelse0
- Qualifier
- at different development stages, as well as under different abiotic stressese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“60 RsCPA genes had various expression levels in the leaves, roots, cortex, cambium, and xylem at different development stages, as well as under different abiotic stresses.”
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
All nine RsNHX genes trended upward after salt exposure.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- 250 mM NaCl exposuree0
- Gene
- RsNHXs genese0
- Outcome
- regulated trendse0
- Direction
- up regulatede0
- Qualifier
- at 3, 6, 12, and 24he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all nine RsNHXs genes showed up regulated trends after 250 mM NaCl exposure at 3, 6, 12, and 24h.”
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RsCPA31 (RsNHX1) expression increased during 24-hour salt treatment.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- 24h salt stress treatmente0
- Gene
- RsCPA31 (RsNHX1)e0
- Outcome
- expression levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The RsCPA31 (RsNHX1) gene, which might be the most important members of the RsNHX subfamily, exhibited obvious increased expression levels during 24h salt stress treatment.”
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heterologous RsNHX1 expression tests in Arabidopsis supported a positive salt tolerance function.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- Heterologous over-and inhibited-expression of RsNHX1e0
- Gene
- RsNHX1e0
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heterologous over-and inhibited-expression of RsNHX1 in Arabidopsis showed that RsNHX1 had a positive function in salt tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing endogenous RsNHX1 made radish more susceptible to salt stress.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- silence of endogenous RsNHX1e0
- Gene
- RsNHX1e0
- Outcome
- susceptible to the salt stresse0
- Direction
- more susceptiblee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant with the silence of endogenous RsNHX1 was more susceptible to the salt stress.”
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
A TYMV-induced gene silencing system was first used to characterize a radish candidate gene.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV)-induced gene silence (VIGS) systeme0
- Outcome
- functionally characterize the candidate genee0
- Value
- firstlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV)-induced gene silence (VIGS) system was firstly used to functionally characterize the candidate gene in radish”
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.