Abstract
Abstract There has been an increasing interest in soybean cultivation in hydroponic systems. Because soybean plants can utilize nitrogen derived from biological N 2 fixation, the use of Rhizobium inoculated plants may eliminate or decrease the need for mineral nitrogen fertilization in hydroponic systems. Thus, the objective of this study was to establish effective methods for making inoculated soybean transplants for a substrate-based hydroponic system. Inoculated plants were effectively produced by rooting seedling stem cuttings in a medium containing a Rhizobium inoculant. We also investigated the effects of different nitrogen forms and sub-irrigated nutrient solution concentrations on the growth and root nodule formation of the inoculated plants. The application of a nitrogen-free nutrient solution had minimal positive effects on the growth and nodulation of the inoculated plants. Ammonium-fed plants lacked root nodules regardless of the ammonium concentration. Furthermore, a 50% nutrient solution combining with nitrate or urea as the nitrogen source did not promote root nodulation. Therefore, inoculated plants should be subirrigated with an approximately 25% nutrient solution supplemented with nitrate or urea to induce early growth and nodulation prior to transplantation.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated soybean plants were effectively produced by rooting seedling stem cuttings in a medium containing a Rhizobium inoculant.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Outcome
- Inoculated plants were effectively producede1
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There has been an increasing interest in soybean cultivation in hydroponic systems”
e1“Inoculated plants were effectively produced by rooting seedling stem cuttings in a medium containing a Rhizobium inoculant”
Claim · model-written summary
A nitrogen-free nutrient solution had minimal positive effects on the growth and nodulation of inoculated soybean plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- nitrogen-free nutrient solutione2
- Outcome
- growth and nodulatione2
- Direction
- positivee2
- Qualifier
- minimale2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There has been an increasing interest in soybean cultivation in hydroponic systems”
e2“The application of a nitrogen-free nutrient solution had minimal positive effects on the growth and nodulation of the inoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed soybean plants lacked root nodules regardless of the ammonium concentration.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Ammonium-fede3
- Outcome
- root nodulese3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There has been an increasing interest in soybean cultivation in hydroponic systems”
e3“Ammonium-fed plants lacked root nodules regardless of the ammonium concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
A 50% nutrient solution combined with nitrate or urea did not promote root nodulation in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 50% nutrient solution combining with nitrate or ureae4
- Outcome
- root nodulatione4
- Direction
- did not promotee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There has been an increasing interest in soybean cultivation in hydroponic systems”
e4“a 50% nutrient solution combining with nitrate or urea as the nitrogen source did not promote root nodulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated soybean plants should be subirrigated with about 25% nutrient solution supplemented with nitrate or urea to induce early growth and nodulation before transplantation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- subirrigated with an approximately 25% nutrient solution supplemented with nitrate or ureae5
- Outcome
- early growth and nodulatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There has been an increasing interest in soybean cultivation in hydroponic systems”
e5“inoculated plants should be subirrigated with an approximately 25% nutrient solution supplemented with nitrate or urea to induce early growth and nodulation prior to transplantation”
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