Abstract
A protocol for the induction of hairy roots on somatic embryos of rhizoclones from Typha domingensis seedlings grown in hydroponic rhizotron systems was established for the first time. Rhizogenesis was induced through the agrotransformation of somatic embryos in oblong and scutellar states of development using the K599, LBA9402, and A4 strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The transfection to the embryos was performed by cocultivation of rhizoclones on a Murashige and Skoog mineral medium at 50% strength (MS0.5), in the dark, at 28 ± 2 °C for 72 h. In contrast to nontransformed embryos that did not exhibit any root tissue, transformed embryos presented hairy roots that varied in number, length, and density depending on the bacterial strain, and K599 was the most effective strain. After analysis via optical microscopy, the transformed embryos were collected and transferred to fresh culture media supplemented with 400 mg mL−1 cefotaxime and 10 mg L−1 ascorbic acid. The efficiency of transformation and survival of the oblong and scutellar embryos were similar among the three bacterial strains. The results show that agrotransformation of somatic embryos of rhizoclones from T. domingensis is a novel and viable strategy for the generation of genetic transformants of Typha that have potential applications in bioremediation technologies.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
A protocol for hairy-root induction on Typha domingensis somatic embryos was established.
- Taxon
- Typha domingensis
Typha domingensise0 - Outcome
- induction of hairy rootse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A protocol for the induction of hairy roots on somatic embryos of rhizoclones from Typha domingensis seedlings grown in hydroponic rhizotron systems was established for the first time.”
Claim · model-written summary
Transformed embryos developed hairy roots, unlike nontransformed embryos.
- Taxon
- Typha domingensisTypha domingensise1
- Treatment
- transformed embryose0
- Outcome
- presented hairy rootse0
- Comparator
- nontransformed embryose0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast to nontransformed embryos that did not exhibit any root tissue, transformed embryos presented hairy roots”
e1“Typha domingensis seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Hairy-root number, length and density depended on bacterial strain.
- Taxon
- Typha domingensisTypha domingensise1
- Treatment
- bacterial straine0
- Outcome
- hairy roots that varied in number, length, and densitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hairy roots that varied in number, length, and density depending on the bacterial strain”
e1“Typha domingensis seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
K599 was the most effective bacterial strain for hairy-root induction.
- Taxon
- Typha domingensisTypha domingensise1
- Treatment
- K599e0
- Outcome
- most effective straine0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K599 was the most effective strain”
e1“Typha domingensis seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Transformation efficiency and embryo survival were similar across the three strains.
- Taxon
- Typha domingensisTypha domingensise1
- Outcome
- efficiency of transformation and survival of the oblong and scutellar embryose0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- three bacterial strainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The efficiency of transformation and survival of the oblong and scutellar embryos were similar among the three bacterial strains.”
e1“Typha domingensis seedlings”