Abstract
Fourdifferentchemical inducers for resistance and metalaxyl fungicide were tested to control sorghum downy mildew disease (Sorghum vulgare L.) caused by Peronosclerospora sorghi (Weston and Uppal) C.G. Shaw. This evaluation was conducted at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, El-Gharbea Governorate, Egypt in 2006 and 2007 seasons. Combined data reveal that metalaxyl occupied the first rank in controlling the disease. Salicylic acid was the best of the inducers in controlling sorghum downy mildew disease. While, potassium di-phosphate (K2 Hpo4) was the least effective one in this respect . Seedlings sprayed with salicylic acid gave the highest increase in 1000 grain weight in comparison with non-sprayed. In the same time spraying with salicylic acid and zinc sulphate increased grain sorghum leaves content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, protein and phosphorus. While potassium di-phosphat increased the leaves content of chlorophyll and potassium. Iron sulphate gave the lowest values in grain sorghum leaves content. The enzymatic activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase and phenolic compounds contents in the grain sorghum leaves showed the highest values with salicylic acid and potassium di-phosphate followed by zinc sulphate . While iron sulphate gave the lowest values in this regard. No significant differences were obtained between metalaxl and the other compounds in the plant height and leaf area, while it showed the highest value in head length. However, metalayl followed by salicylic acid showed significant affect in increasing grain yield comparing with the other compounds. salicylic acid, potassium sulphate and metalaxyl showed highest values in increasing activities of phenols and enzymes.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Metalaxyl ranked first for controlling sorghum downy mildew.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUM
Sorghum bicolort0 - Treatment
- metalaxyle0
- Outcome
- controlling the diseasee0
- Direction
- first ranke0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined data reveal that metalaxyl occupied the first rank in controlling the disease.”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid was the most effective inducer against sorghum downy mildew.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- controlling sorghum downy mildew diseasee0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- the inducerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salicylic acid was the best of the inducers in controlling sorghum downy mildew disease.”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium di-phosphate was the least effective inducer against downy mildew.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- potassium di-phosphatee0
- Outcome
- least effectivee0
- Direction
- least effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium di-phosphate (K2 Hpo4) was the least effective one in this respect”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid spraying gave the highest increase in 1000 grain weight versus no spraying.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- sprayed with salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weighte0
- Direction
- highest increasee0
- Comparator
- non-sprayede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings sprayed with salicylic acid gave the highest increase in 1000 grain weight in comparison with non-sprayed.”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid spraying increased leaf chlorophyll, nitrogen, protein and phosphorus content.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- leaves content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, protein and phosphoruse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying with salicylic acid and zinc sulphate increased grain sorghum leaves content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, protein and phosphorus.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sulphate spraying increased leaf chlorophyll, nitrogen, protein and phosphorus content.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Treatment
- zinc sulphatee0
- Outcome
- leaves content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, protein and phosphoruse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying with salicylic acid and zinc sulphate increased grain sorghum leaves content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, protein and phosphorus.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium di-phosphat increased leaf chlorophyll and potassium content.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- potassium di-phosphate0
- Outcome
- leaves content of chlorophyll and potassiume0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium di-phosphat increased the leaves content of chlorophyll and potassium.”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron sulphate gave the lowest leaf content values.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Treatment
- Iron sulphatee0
- Outcome
- leaves contente0
- Direction
- lowest valuese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron sulphate gave the lowest values in grain sorghum leaves content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid gave the highest leaf peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and phenolic compound values.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase and phenolic compounds contentse0
- Direction
- highest valuese0
- Comparator
- zinc sulphatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The enzymatic activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase and phenolic compounds contents in the grain sorghum leaves showed the highest values with salicylic acid and potassium di-phosphate followed by zinc sulphate”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium di-phosphate gave the highest leaf peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and phenolic compound values.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Treatment
- potassium di-phosphatee0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase and phenolic compounds contentse0
- Direction
- highest valuese0
- Comparator
- zinc sulphatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The enzymatic activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase and phenolic compounds contents in the grain sorghum leaves showed the highest values with salicylic acid and potassium di-phosphate followed by zinc sulphate”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron sulphate gave the lowest leaf enzyme and phenolic values.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- iron sulphatee0
- Outcome
- lowest valuese0
- Direction
- lowest valuese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“iron sulphate gave the lowest values in this regard.”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height and leaf area did not differ significantly between metalaxyl and other compounds.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- metalaxle0
- Outcome
- plant height and leaf areae0
- Direction
- No significant differencese0
- Comparator
- the other compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant differences were obtained between metalaxl and the other compounds in the plant height and leaf area”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Metalaxyl produced the highest head length.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- metalaxle0
- Outcome
- head lengthe0
- Direction
- highest valuee0
- Comparator
- the other compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“metalaxl and the other compounds in the plant height and leaf area, while it showed the highest value in head length.”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Metalaxyl significantly increased grain yield relative to other compounds.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- metalayle0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- the other compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“metalayl followed by salicylic acid showed significant affect in increasing grain yield comparing with the other compounds.”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid significantly increased grain yield relative to other compounds.
- Taxon
- GRAIN SORGHUMSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- the other compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“metalayl followed by salicylic acid showed significant affect in increasing grain yield comparing with the other compounds.”
t0“GRAIN SORGHUM”
The same questions in other papers
iron atom · molecular: metabolites · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
salicylic acid · yield · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
salicylic acid · physiology: pigments · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salicylic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · yield · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →potassium · physiology: pigments · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
potassium · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.