Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts from Chenopodium album L. on germination and early stages of triticale grains (×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A.Camus) and radish seeds (Raphanus sativus L.). Germination indexes, fresh and dry mass, water content and electrolyte leakage were measured. Studies revealed the different germination capacity of triticale grains and radish seeds, where increased concentrations of allelopathins in aqueous C. album extracts significantly inhibited seedling growth for both species. The extracts had an inhibitory effect on the growth of seedling fresh mass. An increase in dry mass of radish seedlings was demonstrated for each of the extracts and, for triticale seedlings, only at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%. Water content in triticale and radish seedlings varied depending on the concentration of allelopathins in the extract. With increasing concentrations of C. album extract, regardless of seedling type, a statistically significant increase in electrolyte leakage was observed.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Increased allelopathin concentrations in aqueous Chenopodium album extracts significantly inhibited seedling growth of triticale and radish.
- Taxon
- triticale and radish
Raphanus sativus
×Triticosecalet1 - Treatment
- increased concentrations of allelopathins in aqueous C. album extractse1
- Outcome
- seedling growthe1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“triticale and radish”
e1“increased concentrations of allelopathins in aqueous C. album extracts significantly inhibited seedling growth for both species”
Claim · model-written summary
The extracts had an inhibitory effect on seedling fresh mass of triticale and radish.
- Taxon
- triticale and radishRaphanus sativus×Triticosecalet1
- Treatment
- extractse2
- Outcome
- growth of seedling fresh masse2
- Direction
- inhibitory effecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“triticale and radish”
e2“The extracts had an inhibitory effect on the growth of seedling fresh mass”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry mass of radish seedlings increased for each of the extracts.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse3
- Treatment
- extractse3
- Outcome
- dry masse3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“An increase in dry mass of radish seedlings was demonstrated for each of the extracts and, for triticale seedlings, only at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry mass of triticale seedlings increased only at 0.5% and 1.5% extract concentrations.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee3
- Treatment
- concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%e3
- Outcome
- dry masse3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Qualifier
- only at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“An increase in dry mass of radish seedlings was demonstrated for each of the extracts and, for triticale seedlings, only at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Water content of triticale and radish seedlings varied with allelopathin concentration in the extract.
- Taxon
- triticale and radishRaphanus sativus×Triticosecalee4
- Outcome
- water contente4
- Qualifier
- varied depending on the concentration of allelopathinse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Water content in triticale and radish seedlings varied depending on the concentration of allelopathins in the extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Electrolyte leakage increased with increasing Chenopodium album extract concentration in triticale and radish seedlings.
- Taxon
- triticale and radishRaphanus sativus×Triticosecalet1
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of C. album extracte5
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakagee5
- Direction
- increasee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“triticale and radish”
e5“With increasing concentrations of C. album extract, regardless of seedling type, a statistically significant increase in electrolyte leakage was observed”
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