Abstract
The effects of foliar phenylalanine application during veraison (FPV) on phenolic biosynthesis and correlation between phenolic compositions and antioxidant activities in Cabernet Sauvignon grown in field and greenhouse were investigated. Solutions with 69 and 138 mg N/vine phenylalanine (Pe1 and Pe2, respectively) and an aqueous solution without nitrogen (CK) were sprayed three times during veraison. FPV significantly improved antioxidant activities in grapes using the two culture methods. The most contributory phenolic compositions to antioxidant activities were anthocyanins and stilbenes following FPV compared with CK. Phenylalanine metabolism, abscisic acid content, and expression levels of VvPAL, VvCHS, VvF3H, VvUFGT, and VvSTS in the phenolic synthesis pathway were increased from the first FPV to harvest. Although Pe2 significantly increased total phenolic contents than Pe1, antioxidant parameters were not markedly affected by the phenylalanine dose. Our finding revealed that FPV was a useful fertilization method to enhance antioxidant activities in grapes in nitrogen-deficient vineyards.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
FPV significantly improved grape antioxidant activity in field and greenhouse.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“FPV significantly improved antioxidant activities in grapes using the two culture methods.”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanins contributed most to antioxidant activity after FPV relative to CK.
- Taxon
- Cabernet Sauvignont0
- Treatment
- FPVe0
- Compound
- anthocyaninse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitiese0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“The most contributory phenolic compositions to antioxidant activities were anthocyanins and stilbenes following FPV compared with CK.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stilbenes contributed most to antioxidant activity after FPV relative to CK.
- Taxon
- Cabernet Sauvignont0
- Treatment
- FPVe0
- Compound
- stilbenese0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitiese0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“The most contributory phenolic compositions to antioxidant activities were anthocyanins and stilbenes following FPV compared with CK.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenylalanine metabolism increased from first FPV to harvest.
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“Phenylalanine metabolism, abscisic acid content, and expression levels of VvPAL, VvCHS, VvF3H, VvUFGT, and VvSTS in the phenolic synthesis pathway were increased from the first FPV to harvest.”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid content increased from first FPV to harvest.
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“Phenylalanine metabolism, abscisic acid content, and expression levels of VvPAL, VvCHS, VvF3H, VvUFGT, and VvSTS in the phenolic synthesis pathway were increased from the first FPV to harvest.”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of VvPAL, VvCHS, and VvF3H increased from first FPV to harvest.
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“expression levels of VvPAL, VvCHS, VvF3H, VvUFGT, and VvSTS in the phenolic synthesis pathway were increased from the first FPV to harvest.”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of VvUFGT and VvSTS increased from first FPV to harvest.
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“expression levels of VvPAL, VvCHS, VvF3H, VvUFGT, and VvSTS in the phenolic synthesis pathway were increased from the first FPV to harvest.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pe2 significantly increased total phenolic contents relative to Pe1.
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“Pe2 significantly increased total phenolic contents than Pe1”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant parameters were not markedly affected by phenylalanine dose.
- Taxon
- Cabernet Sauvignont0
- Treatment
- phenylalanine dosee0
- Outcome
- antioxidant parameterse0
- Direction
- not markedly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“antioxidant parameters were not markedly affected by the phenylalanine dose.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend FPV to enhance grape antioxidant activity in nitrogen-deficient vineyards.
Verbatim
t0“Cabernet Sauvignon”
e0“FPV was a useful fertilization method to enhance antioxidant activities in grapes in nitrogen-deficient vineyards”