Abstract
Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the third most important pulse crop produced after dry bean and peas in the world. Amongst pulses, chickpea is the major crop in India but for international market the quality of this crop has to be improved which may be possible by evaluation of different planting techniques. No systematic research and adequate technologies have been reported in Punjab on intercropping of different crops in chickpea. The current study aimed to find out the effect of different intercrops on growth and yield of bed planted chickpea based intercropping systems. Methods: A field experiment was carried out during the rabi season of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the productivity and economic viability of bed planted chickpea based intercropping systems.The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design consisting of four replications with thirteen treatments. Result: Results showed that sole chickpea recorded highest seed yield and it was statistically at par with seed yield that obtained under chickpea + oats fodder (2:1), chickpea + oats fodder (4:1) and chickpea + linseed (4:1) intercropping systems. However, oilseed rape and barley as intercrops showed adverse effect on yield and yield attributes of chickpea. Chickpea + oats fodder in 2:1 row ratio recorded highest chickpea equivalent yield of 24.07 and 24.77 q/ha and system productivity of 15.96 and 15.60 kg/ha/day during 2017 and 2018, respectively. Higher net returns (Rs. 63098 and 70924/ha), benefit cost ratio (1.47 and 1.63) and production efficiency (417.9 and 446.1 Rs/ha/day) were also recorded in chickpea + oats fodder (2:1) intercropping system over sole chickpea (Rs. 44862 and 53769/ha and 1.21 and 1.41) during both the years. Chickpea + oats fodder (4:1), chickpea + linseed (2:1) and chickpea + linseed (4:1) also recorded significantly higher chickpea equivalent yield, net returns and benefit cost ratio as compared to sole chickpea.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Sole chickpea had the highest seed yield, statistically comparable to specified oats and linseed intercrops.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- sole chickpeae0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- chickpea + oats fodder (2:1), chickpea + oats fodder (4:1) and chickpea + linseed (4:1) intercropping systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sole chickpea recorded highest seed yield and it was statistically at par with seed yield that obtained under chickpea + oats fodder (2:1), chickpea + oats fodder (4:1) and chickpea + linseed (4:1) intercropping systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Oilseed rape and barley intercrops adversely affected chickpea yield and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- oilseed rape and barley as intercropse0
- Outcome
- yield and yield attributese0
- Direction
- adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oilseed rape and barley as intercrops showed adverse effect on yield and yield attributes of chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea with oats fodder at 2:1 had the highest chickpea equivalent yield: 24.07 and 24.77 q/ha in 2017 and 2018.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Chickpea + oats fodder in 2:1 row ratioe0
- Outcome
- chickpea equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 24.07 and 24.77 q/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea + oats fodder in 2:1 row ratio recorded highest chickpea equivalent yield of 24.07 and 24.77 q/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea with oats fodder at 2:1 had system productivity of 15.96 and 15.60 kg/ha/day in 2017 and 2018.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Chickpea + oats fodder in 2:1 row ratioe0
- Outcome
- system productivitye0
- Value
- 15.96 and 15.60 kg/ha/daye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea + oats fodder in 2:1 row ratio recorded highest chickpea equivalent yield of 24.07 and 24.77 q/ha and system productivity of 15.96 and 15.60 kg/ha/day during 2017 and 2018, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2:1 chickpea and oats system had higher net returns than sole chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- chickpea + oats fodder (2:1) intercropping systeme0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Value
- Rs. 63098 and 70924/hae0
- Comparator
- sole chickpeae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher net returns (Rs. 63098 and 70924/ha), benefit cost ratio (1.47 and 1.63) and production efficiency (417.9 and 446.1 Rs/ha/day) were also recorded in chickpea + oats fodder (2:1) intercropping system over sole chickpea (Rs. 44862 and 53769/ha and 1.21 and 1.41)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2:1 chickpea and oats system had a higher benefit cost ratio than sole chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- chickpea + oats fodder (2:1) intercropping systeme0
- Outcome
- benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Value
- 1.47 and 1.63e0
- Comparator
- sole chickpeae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher net returns (Rs. 63098 and 70924/ha), benefit cost ratio (1.47 and 1.63) and production efficiency (417.9 and 446.1 Rs/ha/day) were also recorded in chickpea + oats fodder (2:1) intercropping system over sole chickpea (Rs. 44862 and 53769/ha and 1.21 and 1.41)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2:1 chickpea and oats system had higher production efficiency than sole chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- chickpea + oats fodder (2:1) intercropping systeme0
- Outcome
- production efficiencye0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Value
- 417.9 and 446.1 Rs/ha/daye0
- Comparator
- sole chickpeae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher net returns (Rs. 63098 and 70924/ha), benefit cost ratio (1.47 and 1.63) and production efficiency (417.9 and 446.1 Rs/ha/day) were also recorded in chickpea + oats fodder (2:1) intercropping system over sole chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The specified 4:1 oats and 2:1 and 4:1 linseed systems had significantly higher chickpea equivalent yield, net returns, and benefit cost ratio than sole chickpea.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Chickpea + oats fodder (4:1), chickpea + linseed (2:1) and chickpea + linseed (4:1)e0
- Outcome
- chickpea equivalent yield, net returns and benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- sole chickpeae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea + oats fodder (4:1), chickpea + linseed (2:1) and chickpea + linseed (4:1) also recorded significantly higher chickpea equivalent yield, net returns and benefit cost ratio as compared to sole chickpea”
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