Abstract
Chlorophylls, green pigments in chloroplasts, are essential for photosynthesis. Reduction in chlorophyll content may result in retarded growth, dwarfism, and sterility. In this study, a yellow-green leaf mutant of maize, indicative of abnormity in chlorophyll content, was identified. The physiological parameters of this mutant were measured. Next, global gene expression of this mutant was determined using transcriptome analysis and compared to that of wild-type maize plants. The yellow-green leaf mutant of maize was found to contain lower contents of chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b and carotenoid compounds. It contained fewer active PSII centers and displayed lower values of original chlorophyll fluorescence parameters than the wild-type plants. The real-time fluorescence yield, the electron transport rate, and the net photosynthetic rate of the mutant plants showed reduction as well. In contrast, the maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII of the mutant plants was similar to that of the wild-type plants. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the mutant plants and wild-type plants led to the identification of differentially expressed 1,122 genes, of which 536 genes were up-regulated and 586 genes down-regulated in the mutant. Five genes in the chlorophyll metabolism pathway, nine genes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and seven genes related to the conversion of sucrose to starch displayed down-regulated expression. In contrast, genes encoding a photosystem II reaction center PsbP family protein and the PGR5-like protein 1A (PGRL1A) exhibited increased transcript abundance.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The maize yellow-green leaf mutant contained lower contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid compounds.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- contents of chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b and carotenoid compoundse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“The yellow-green leaf mutant of maize was found to contain lower contents of chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b and carotenoid compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
The mutant contained fewer active PSII centers than wild-type plants.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- active PSII centerse0
- Direction
- fewere0
- Comparator
- wild-type plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“It contained fewer active PSII centers and displayed lower values of original chlorophyll fluorescence parameters than the wild-type plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The mutant displayed lower values of original chlorophyll fluorescence parameters than wild-type plants.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- original chlorophyll fluorescence parameterse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- wild-type plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“It contained fewer active PSII centers and displayed lower values of original chlorophyll fluorescence parameters than the wild-type plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Real-time fluorescence yield, electron transport rate and net photosynthetic rate were reduced in the mutant plants.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- real-time fluorescence yield, the electron transport rate, and the net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“The real-time fluorescence yield, the electron transport rate, and the net photosynthetic rate of the mutant plants showed reduction as well”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII of the mutant was similar to that of wild-type plants.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSIIe0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- wild-type plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“the maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII of the mutant plants was similar to that of the wild-type plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Comparative transcriptome analysis of the mutant and wild-type maize identified 1,122 differentially expressed genes.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed 1,122 genese0
- Value
- 1,122e0
- Comparator
- wild-type plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“Comparative transcriptome analysis of the mutant plants and wild-type plants led to the identification of differentially expressed 1,122 genes, of which 536 genes were up-regulated and 586 genes down-regulated in the mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Of the differentially expressed genes, 536 were up-regulated in the mutant.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- genes were up-regulatede0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
- Value
- 536 genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“Comparative transcriptome analysis of the mutant plants and wild-type plants led to the identification of differentially expressed 1,122 genes, of which 536 genes were up-regulated and 586 genes down-regulated in the mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Of the differentially expressed genes, 586 were down-regulated in the mutant.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- genes down-regulatede0
- Direction
- down-regulatede0
- Value
- 586 genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“Comparative transcriptome analysis of the mutant plants and wild-type plants led to the identification of differentially expressed 1,122 genes, of which 536 genes were up-regulated and 586 genes down-regulated in the mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Five genes in the chlorophyll metabolism pathway displayed down-regulated expression in the mutant.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- genes in the chlorophyll metabolism pathwaye0
- Direction
- down-regulatede0
- Value
- Five genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“Five genes in the chlorophyll metabolism pathway, nine genes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and seven genes related to the conversion of sucrose to starch displayed down-regulated expression”
Claim · model-written summary
Nine genes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle displayed down-regulated expression in the mutant.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- genes in the tricarboxylic acid cyclee0
- Direction
- down-regulatede0
- Value
- nine genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“Five genes in the chlorophyll metabolism pathway, nine genes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and seven genes related to the conversion of sucrose to starch displayed down-regulated expression”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven genes related to the conversion of sucrose to starch displayed down-regulated expression in the mutant.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Outcome
- genes related to the conversion of sucrose to starche0
- Direction
- down-regulatede0
- Value
- seven genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“Five genes in the chlorophyll metabolism pathway, nine genes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and seven genes related to the conversion of sucrose to starch displayed down-regulated expression”
Claim · model-written summary
Genes encoding a photosystem II reaction center PsbP family protein and PGR5-like protein 1A (PGRL1A) showed increased transcript abundance in the mutant.
- Material
- yellow-green leaf mutantt0
- Gene
- photosystem II reaction center PsbP family protein and the PGR5-like protein 1A (PGRL1A)e0
- Outcome
- transcript abundancee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“yellow-green leaf mutant of maize”
e0“genes encoding a photosystem II reaction center PsbP family protein and the PGR5-like protein 1A (PGRL1A) exhibited increased transcript abundance”