Abstract
To better understand the mechanism underlying the citric acid (CA)-regulated silage fermentation, we investigated the bacterial community and fermentation quality of king grass (KG) ensiled without (CK) or with Lactobacillus plantarum (L), CA and the combination of L and CA (CAL). The bacterial community was characterized by using the 16Sr DNA sequencing technology. The L and CA treatments altered the silage bacterial community of KG, showing reduced bacterial diversity, while the abundance of desirable genus Lactobacillus was increased, and the abundances of undesirable genus Dysgonomonas and Pseudomonas were decreased. The additives also significantly raised the lactic acid content, dropped the pH, and reduced the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N in ensiled KG ( P < 0.01). Besides, the combination treatment was more effective on silage fermentation with the highest pH and lactic acid content, while the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N were the lowest ( P < 0.01). Moreover, CAL treatment exerted a notable influence on the bacterial community, with the lowest operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number and highest abundance of Lactobacillus. Furthermore, the bacterial community was significantly correlated with fermentation characteristics. These results proved that L and CA enhanced the KG silage quality, and the combination had a beneficial synergistic effect.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Lactobacillus plantarum and citric acid reduced bacterial diversity in king grass silage.
- Taxon
- king grasst0
- Treatment
- L and CA treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Lactobacillus plantarumt0symbiont
- Outcome
- bacterial diversitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The L and CA treatments altered the silage bacterial community of KG, showing reduced bacterial diversity”
t0“Lactobacillus plantarum on Silage Quality and Bacterial Diversity of King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatments increased Lactobacillus abundance.
- Taxon
- King Grasst0
- Treatment
- Citric Acid and Lactobacillus plantarumt0
- Interactor
- Lactobacillus
Lactobacilluse0symbiont - Outcome
- abundance of desirable genus Lactobacilluse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the abundance of desirable genus Lactobacillus was increased”
t0“Citric Acid and Lactobacillus plantarum on Silage Quality and Bacterial Diversity of King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatments decreased Dysgonomonas and Pseudomonas abundance.
- Taxon
- King Grasst0
- Treatment
- Citric Acid and Lactobacillus plantarumt0
- Interactor
- DysgonomonasDysgonomonase0other
- Second interactor
- Pseudomonas
Pseudomonase0other - Outcome
- abundances of undesirable genus Dysgonomonas and Pseudomonase0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the abundances of undesirable genus Dysgonomonas and Pseudomonas were decreased”
t0“Citric Acid and Lactobacillus plantarum on Silage Quality and Bacterial Diversity of King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Additives significantly raised lactic acid content.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The additives also significantly raised the lactic acid content, dropped the pH, and reduced the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N in ensiled KG ( P < 0.01)”
t0“King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Additives lowered silage pH.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The additives also significantly raised the lactic acid content, dropped the pH, and reduced the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N in ensiled KG ( P < 0.01)”
t0“King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Additives reduced acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N content.
- Taxon
- King Grasst0
- Treatment
- additivese0
- Outcome
- contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-Ne0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The additives also significantly raised the lactic acid content, dropped the pH, and reduced the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N in ensiled KG ( P < 0.01)”
t0“King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination treatment had the highest pH and lactic acid content.
- Taxon
- King Grasst0
- Treatment
- combination treatmente0
- Outcome
- pH and lactic acid contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the combination treatment was more effective on silage fermentation with the highest pH and lactic acid content”
t0“King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination treatment yielded the lowest acetic acid, propionic acid and ammonia-N contents.
- Taxon
- King Grasst0
- Treatment
- combination treatmente0
- Outcome
- contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-Ne0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the combination treatment was more effective on silage fermentation with the highest pH and lactic acid content, while the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N were the lowest ( P < 0.01)”
t0“King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
CAL yielded the lowest OTU count.
- Taxon
- King Grasst0
- Treatment
- CAL treatmente0
- Outcome
- operational taxonomic unit (OTU) numbere0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“CAL treatment exerted a notable influence on the bacterial community, with the lowest operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number and highest abundance of Lactobacillus”
t0“King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
CAL yielded the highest Lactobacillus abundance.
- Taxon
- King Grasst0
- Treatment
- CAL treatmente0
- Interactor
- LactobacillusLactobacilluse0symbiont
- Outcome
- abundance of Lactobacilluse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CAL treatment exerted a notable influence on the bacterial community, with the lowest operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number and highest abundance of Lactobacillus”
t0“King Grass Silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with fermentation characteristics.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“the bacterial community was significantly correlated with fermentation characteristics”
t0“King Grass Silage”