Abstract
Pasteuria penetrans is a parasite of root-knot nematodes. Endospores of P. penetrans attach to the cuticle of second-stage juveniles (J2) and subsequently sterilize the infected female. Previously, we showed that prior exposure of Meloidogyne arenaria J2 to root exudates led to reduced attachment of P. penetrans spores suggesting that nematodes encountering spores within the root zone may be more resistant to spore attachment than are nematodes encountering spores outside the root zone. This study compared the effect of applying 3 x 105 P. penetrans spores in furrow versus with the seed at planting on egg production by M. arenaria in greenhouse pots. The results showed that P. penetrans spores applied by either method reduced nematode reproduction compared to the untreated control; however, in furrow application reduced egg production more than spores applied along with the seed (57.3% vs 35.6% reduction). Greater exposure of M. arenaria J2 to root exudates in the seed compared to the furrow application may explain the difference in application methods. Additionally, furrow application may distribute the spores over a greater area than seed applications, increasing the chances of M. arenaria J2 acquiring spores further from the roots which may impede their ability to infect the roots.
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
Pasteuria penetrans spores applied by either method reduced Meloidogyne arenaria reproduction compared with the untreated control.
- Taxon
- M. arenaria
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Meloidogyne arenariae0 - Treatment
- P. penetrans spores applied by either methode1
- Interactor
- P. penetransPasteuria penetranse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- nematode reproductione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- untreated controle1
- Setting
- greenhouse potse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“This study compared the effect of applying 3 x 105 P. penetrans spores in furrow versus with the seed at planting on egg production by M. arenaria in greenhouse pots”
e1“The results showed that P. penetrans spores applied by either method reduced nematode reproduction compared to the untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow application of P. penetrans spores reduced egg production more than application with the seed (57.3% vs 35.6% reduction).
- Taxon
- M. arenariaMeloidogyne arenariae0
- Treatment
- in furrow applicatione2
- Interactor
- P. penetransPasteuria penetranse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- egg productione2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 57.3% vs 35.6%e2
- Comparator
- spores applied along with the seede2
- Setting
- greenhouse potse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study compared the effect of applying 3 x 105 P. penetrans spores in furrow versus with the seed at planting on egg production by M. arenaria in greenhouse pots”
e2“in furrow application reduced egg production more than spores applied along with the seed (57.3% vs 35.6% reduction)”
Claim · model-written summary
Prior exposure of Meloidogyne arenaria J2 to root exudates reduced attachment of P. penetrans spores (earlier work by the authors).
- Taxon
- Meloidogyne arenariaMeloidogyne arenariae3
- Treatment
- prior exposure of Meloidogyne arenaria J2 to root exudatese3
- Interactor
- P. penetransPasteuria penetranse3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- attachment of P. penetrans sporese3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“prior exposure of Meloidogyne arenaria J2 to root exudates led to reduced attachment of P. penetrans spores”