Abstract
Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield.Therefore,genetic dissection of ear traits can provide clues to maize high-yield breeding and is especially important in breeding for drought tolerance.In this study,seven ear related traits including ear length(EL),ear diameter(ED),row number(KRN),kernel number per row(KRE),grain yield per ear(GW),cob diameter(AD) and weight per ear(EW),were investigated using two sets of F2:3 populations,which were derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H),respectively.The two populations were evaluated under different water conditions in Xinjiang in 2007 and 2008.The results showed that those ear traits under drought were phenotypically lower than those under normal water regime and ear length,ear diameter,weight per ear had positive correlation with GW.A total of 75 QTL were identified under different water regimes using mixed linear model with two methods of single-experiment analysis and water regime joint analysis,including 20 QTLs for Y/H and 55 QTLs for Q/H.The QTL detected in Y/H were located on chromosome 1,2,5,6,7,and 10,and the QTL detected in Q/H were distributed on chromosome 2,3,4,5,6,7,9,and 10.However,only four and nineteen QTLs were identified in the two populations under drought stress respectively,significantly lower than that detected under normal water regime.Meanwhile,in the joint analysis,only three QTLs had significant interaction with environments and six QTLs had epistatic interaction,showing that the genetic feature of ear traits was complex.In Y/H,two congruent QTLs,qKRE1-5-1 and qKRE1-7-1,were detected under different water levels,with the phenotypic contribution from 6.15% to 19.48%,while in Q/H,three congruent QTLs,qKRE2-5-1,qGW2-10-1,and qKRE2-3-1,were detected under different water levels,with the phenotypic contribution from 7.14% to 16.65%.These results implied that these QTL were little influenced by environment and could stably expressed,which might be used in marker-assisted selection.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Ear traits under drought were phenotypically lower than under normal water regime.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e1“those ear traits under drought were phenotypically lower than those under normal water regime”
Claim · model-written summary
Ear length, ear diameter and weight per ear were positively correlated with grain yield per ear (GW).
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e2“ear length,ear diameter,weight per ear had positive correlation with GW”
Claim · model-written summary
A total of 75 QTL were identified under different water regimes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e3“A total of 75 QTL were identified under different water regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
The Ye478×Huangzaosi population carried 20 QTLs for the ear traits.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e4“including 20 QTLs for Y/H and 55 QTLs for Q/H”
e5“derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H)”
Claim · model-written summary
The Qi319×Huangzaosi population carried 55 QTLs for the ear traits.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e4“including 20 QTLs for Y/H and 55 QTLs for Q/H”
e5“derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H)”
Claim · model-written summary
QTL detected in the Ye478×Huangzaosi population were located on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 10.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e5“derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H)”
e6“The QTL detected in Y/H were located on chromosome 1,2,5,6,7,and 10”
Claim · model-written summary
QTL detected in the Qi319×Huangzaosi population were distributed on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e5“derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H)”
e7“the QTL detected in Q/H were distributed on chromosome 2,3,4,5,6,7,9,and 10”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress the Ye478×Huangzaosi population had only four QTLs, significantly fewer than under normal water regime.
- Material
- Ye478×Huangzaosie5
- Treatment
- drought stresse6
- Outcome
- QTLse6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Value
- foure6
- Comparator
- normal water regimee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e5“derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H)”
e6“only four and nineteen QTLs were identified in the two populations under drought stress respectively,significantly lower than that detected under normal water regime”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought stress the Qi319×Huangzaosi population had only nineteen QTLs, significantly fewer than under normal water regime.
- Material
- Qi319×Huangzaosie5
- Treatment
- drought stresse6
- Outcome
- QTLse6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Value
- nineteene6
- Comparator
- normal water regimee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e5“derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H)”
e6“only four and nineteen QTLs were identified in the two populations under drought stress respectively,significantly lower than that detected under normal water regime”
Claim · model-written summary
In the joint analysis, only three QTLs had significant interaction with environments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e1“only three QTLs had significant interaction with environments and six QTLs had epistatic interaction”
Claim · model-written summary
In the joint analysis, six QTLs had epistatic interaction.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e1“only three QTLs had significant interaction with environments and six QTLs had epistatic interaction”
Claim · model-written summary
The genetic feature of maize ear traits is complex.
- Outcome
- the genetic feature of ear traits was complexe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e1“showing that the genetic feature of ear traits was complex”
Claim · model-written summary
Two congruent QTLs in the Ye478×Huangzaosi population contributed 6.15% to 19.48% of phenotypic variation under different water levels.
- Material
- Ye478×Huangzaosie5
- Treatment
- different water levelse6
- Gene
- qKRE1-5-1 and qKRE1-7-1e6
- Outcome
- phenotypic contributione6
- Value
- from 6.15% to 19.48%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e5“derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H)”
e6“In Y/H,two congruent QTLs,qKRE1-5-1 and qKRE1-7-1,were detected under different water levels,with the phenotypic contribution from 6.15% to 19.48%”
Claim · model-written summary
Three congruent QTLs in the Qi319×Huangzaosi population contributed 7.14% to 16.65% of phenotypic variation under different water levels.
- Material
- Qi319×Huangzaosie5
- Treatment
- different water levelse6
- Gene
- qKRE2-5-1,qGW2-10-1,and qKRE2-3-1e6
- Outcome
- phenotypic contributione6
- Value
- from 7.14% to 16.65%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e5“derived from crosses of Ye478×Huangzaosi(Y/H) and Qi319×Huangzaosi(Q/H)”
e6“In Q/H,three congruent QTLs,qKRE2-5-1,qGW2-10-1,and qKRE2-3-1,were detected under different water levels,with the phenotypic contribution from 7.14% to 16.65%”
Claim · model-written summary
The QTL appear little influenced by environment and may be used in marker-assisted selection.
- Outcome
- which might be used in marker-assisted selectione1
- Qualifier
- these QTL were little influenced by environmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ear traits are closely associated with maize yield”
e1“These results implied that these QTL were little influenced by environment and could stably expressed,which might be used in marker-assisted selection”