Abstract
The photon flux in the green wavelength region is relatively enriched in shade and the photon flux in the blue region is selectively filtered. In sole source lighting environments, increasing the fraction of blue typically decreases stem elongation and leaf expansion, and smaller leaves reduce photon capture and yield. Photons in the green region reverse these blue reductions through the photoreceptor cryptochrome in Arabidopsis thaliana, but studies in other species have not consistently shown the benefits of photons in the green region on leaf expansion and growth. Spectral effects can interact with total photon flux. Here, we report the effect of the fraction of photons in the blue (10 to 30%) and green (0 to 50%) regions at photosynthetic photon flux densities of 200 and 500 µmol m−2 s−1 in lettuce, cucumber and tomato. As expected, increasing the fraction of photons in the blue region consistently decreased leaf area and dry mass. By contrast, large changes in the fraction of photons in the green region had minimal effects on leaf area and dry mass in lettuce and cucumber. Photons in the green region were more potent at a lower fraction of photons in the blue region. Photons in the green region increased stem and petiole length in cucumber and tomato, which is a classic shade avoidance response. These results suggest that high-light crop species might respond to the fraction of photons in the green region with either shade tolerance (leaf expansion) or shade avoidance (stem elongation).
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
More blue photons decreased leaf area and dry mass.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- increasing the fraction of photons in the blue regione0
- Outcome
- leaf area and dry masse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing the fraction of photons in the blue region consistently decreased leaf area and dry mass”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
More green photons had minimal effects on lettuce leaf area and dry mass.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- large changes in the fraction of photons in the green regione0
- Outcome
- leaf area and dry masse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“large changes in the fraction of photons in the green region had minimal effects on leaf area and dry mass in lettuce and cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
More green photons had minimal effects on cucumber leaf area and dry mass.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- large changes in the fraction of photons in the green regione0
- Outcome
- leaf area and dry masse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“large changes in the fraction of photons in the green region had minimal effects on leaf area and dry mass in lettuce and cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Green photons were more potent at lower blue photon fractions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- lower fraction of photons in the blue regione0
- Outcome
- more potente0
- Direction
- more potente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photons in the green region were more potent at a lower fraction of photons in the blue region”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Green photons increased cucumber stem and petiole length.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Photons in the green regione0
- Outcome
- stem and petiole lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photons in the green region increased stem and petiole length in cucumber and tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Green photons increased tomato stem and petiole length.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Photons in the green regione0
- Outcome
- stem and petiole lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photons in the green region increased stem and petiole length in cucumber and tomato”
The same questions in other papers
photon · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →photon · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.