Abstract
Field experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 to evolve a suitable weed management practices for irrigated hybrid maize. The experiments were laid out in randomized block design, replicated thrice with fifteen treatments viz., T 1 -Atrazine @0.25 kg a.i /ha as pre-emergence + hand weeding on 30 DAS, T 2 -Pendimethalin @0.75 kg a.i/ha as preemergence + hand weeding on 30 DAS, T 3 -Alachlor @ 0.2kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence + hand weeding on 30 DAS, T 4 -Atrazine @0.25 kg a.i /ha as pre-emergence + early post emergence tembotrione 100g ha -1 on 21 DAS, T 5 -Pendimethalin @0.75 kg a.i/ha pre-emergence + early post emergence tembotrione 100g ha -1 on 21 DAS, T 6 -Alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence + early post emergence tembotrione 100g ha -1 on 21 DAS, T 7 -Atrazine @0.25 kg a.i /ha as pre-emergence + twin wheel hoe weeding on 30 DAS, T 8 -Pendimethalin @0.75 kg a.i/ha preemergence + twin wheel hoe weeding on 30 DAS, T 9 -Alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha pre-emergence + twin wheel hoe weeding on 30 DAS, T 10 -Maize + cowpea without weeding, T 11 -Maize + cowpea + hand weeding on 30 DAS, T12-Maize+cowpea + pendimethalin @0.75 kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence, T 13 -Hand weeding on 15 and 30 DAS, T 14 -Weed free, T 15 -Weedy check. From the results, its concluded that atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DAS proved most effective in controlling weeds followed by alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha pre-emergence +twin wheel hoe on 30 DAS and they reduce the weed density and increased weed control efficiency significantly, which in turn increased yield compared with unweeded control. Significantly highest grain yield were recorded under atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DAS followed by alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence + twin wheel hoe on 21 DAS. The highest net returns and highest benefit: cost ratio were obtained under atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe on 30 DAS followed by alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha pre-emergence + twin wheel hoe on 30 DAS.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine at 1.5 kg a.i./ha with twin wheel hoe weeding at 30 DAS was the most effective treatment for controlling weeds.
- Treatment
- atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DASe1
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- controlling weedse1
- Direction
- most effectivee1
- Comparator
- alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha pre-emergence +twin wheel hoe on 30 DASe6
- Setting
- Field experimentse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 to evolve a suitable weed management practices for irrigated hybrid maize”
e1“atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DAS proved most effective in controlling weeds”
e6“followed by alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha pre-emergence +twin wheel hoe on 30 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Alachlor at 0.2 kg a.i./ha pre-emergence with twin wheel hoe on 30 DAS was the second most effective treatment for controlling weeds, after atrazine with twin wheel hoe.
- Treatment
- alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha pre-emergence +twin wheel hoe on 30 DASe6
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- controlling weedse1
- Direction
- followed bye6
- Comparator
- atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DASe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 to evolve a suitable weed management practices for irrigated hybrid maize”
e1“atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DAS proved most effective in controlling weeds”
e6“followed by alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha pre-emergence +twin wheel hoe on 30 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine with twin wheel hoe weeding significantly reduced weed density compared with the unweeded control.
- Treatment
- atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DASe1
- Interactor
- weede2weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye2
- Direction
- reducee2
- Comparator
- unweeded controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 to evolve a suitable weed management practices for irrigated hybrid maize”
e1“atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DAS proved most effective in controlling weeds”
e2“they reduce the weed density and increased weed control efficiency significantly”
e3“which in turn increased yield compared with unweeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine with twin wheel hoe weeding significantly increased weed control efficiency compared with the unweeded control.
- Treatment
- atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DASe1
- Interactor
- weede2weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- unweeded controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 to evolve a suitable weed management practices for irrigated hybrid maize”
e1“atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DAS proved most effective in controlling weeds”
e2“they reduce the weed density and increased weed control efficiency significantly”
e3“which in turn increased yield compared with unweeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control with atrazine and twin wheel hoe weeding increased yield compared with the unweeded control.
- Treatment
- atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DASe1
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- unweeded controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 to evolve a suitable weed management practices for irrigated hybrid maize”
e1“atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DAS proved most effective in controlling weeds”
e3“which in turn increased yield compared with unweeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine at 1.5 kg a.i./ha with twin wheel hoe weeding at 30 DAS gave the highest grain yield, significantly higher than alachlor with twin wheel hoe on 21 DAS.
- Treatment
- atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DASe4
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Comparator
- alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence + twin wheel hoe on 21 DASe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 to evolve a suitable weed management practices for irrigated hybrid maize”
e4“Significantly highest grain yield were recorded under atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe at 30 DAS”
e5“followed by alachlor @ 0.2 kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence + twin wheel hoe on 21 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine at 1.5 kg a.i./ha with twin wheel hoe weeding at 30 DAS gave the highest net returns and benefit: cost ratio.
- Treatment
- atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe on 30 DASe7
- Outcome
- net returns and highest benefit: cost ratioe7
- Direction
- higheste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted during Kharif 2018 to evolve a suitable weed management practices for irrigated hybrid maize”
e7“The highest net returns and highest benefit: cost ratio were obtained under atrazine @ 1.5 kg a.i / ha + twin wheel hoe on 30 DAS”
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