Abstract
Silicon (Si) is considered to be a plant growth and development regulator element as well as provide the regulatory response against various biotic stressors. However, the potential mechanism of Si enhancement to regulate plant disease resistance remains to be studied. Therefore, the current study evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection. Si was applied exogenously (0, 3.85 and 7.70 g Si/kg soil) and the results show that plant height, stem circumference and leaf width of siliconized sugarcane have been improved, which effectively reduced the disease index (0.17–0.21) and incidence (58.2%−69.1%) after Xa infection. Lowest values of MDA (348.5 nmol g−1 FW) and H2O2 (3539.4 mmol/L) were observed in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (MDA: 392.6 nmol g−1 FW and H2O2: 3134.6 mmol/L) than that of the control. Whereas, PAL enzyme activity (50.8 mmol/L), JA (230.2 mmol/L) and SA (2.7 ug mL−1) contents were significantly higher in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (PAL: 46.3 mmol/L, JA: 182.7 mmol/L and SA: 2.4 ug mL−1) as compared to control. The lower MDA, H2O2 level and higher enzymatic activities were associated with the highest expression levels of their metabolic pathway associated genes i.e., ShMAPK1, ShLOX, ShPAL, ShAOS, ShAOC, ShC4H, ShCAT, Sh4CL and ShNPR1 (22.08, 15.56, 10.42, 3.35, 2.54, 2.14, 1.82, 1.67 and 1.22 folds, respectively) in 7.70 g Si/kg soil as compared to other experimental units and control. Overall, the results of current study indicates that siliconized sugarcane more actively regulates disease resistance through modulation of growth and MDA, H2O2, SA and JA associated metabolic pathways.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application improved plant height, stem circumference and leaf width of sugarcane.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee1
- Treatment
- Si was applied exogenouslye7
- Outcome
- plant height, stem circumference and leaf widthe1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“plant height, stem circumference and leaf width of siliconized sugarcane have been improved”
e7“Si was applied exogenously (0, 3.85 and 7.70 g Si/kg soil)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application reduced the sugarcane disease index after Xanthomonas albilineans infection.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee0
- Treatment
- Si applicatione0
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas albilineansXanthomonas albilineanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease indexe2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 0.17–0.21e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e2“effectively reduced the disease index (0.17–0.21) and incidence (58.2%−69.1%) after Xa infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application reduced the sugarcane incidence after Xanthomonas albilineans infection.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee0
- Treatment
- Si applicatione0
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas albilineansXanthomonas albilineanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- incidencee2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 58.2%−69.1%e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e2“effectively reduced the disease index (0.17–0.21) and incidence (58.2%−69.1%) after Xa infection”
Claim · model-written summary
MDA was lowest in sugarcane at 7.70 g Si/kg soil compared with the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e3“Lowest values of MDA (348.5 nmol g−1 FW) and H2O2 (3539.4 mmol/L) were observed in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (MDA: 392.6 nmol g−1 FW and H2O2: 3134.6 mmol/L) than that of the control”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 was lowest in sugarcane at 7.70 g Si/kg soil compared with the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e3“Lowest values of MDA (348.5 nmol g−1 FW) and H2O2 (3539.4 mmol/L) were observed in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (MDA: 392.6 nmol g−1 FW and H2O2: 3134.6 mmol/L) than that of the control”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL enzyme activity was significantly higher in sugarcane at 7.70 g Si/kg soil than in the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e4“PAL enzyme activity (50.8 mmol/L), JA (230.2 mmol/L) and SA (2.7 ug mL−1) contents were significantly higher in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (PAL: 46.3 mmol/L, JA: 182.7 mmol/L and SA: 2.4 ug mL−1) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
JA content was significantly higher in sugarcane at 7.70 g Si/kg soil than in the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e4“PAL enzyme activity (50.8 mmol/L), JA (230.2 mmol/L) and SA (2.7 ug mL−1) contents were significantly higher in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (PAL: 46.3 mmol/L, JA: 182.7 mmol/L and SA: 2.4 ug mL−1) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
SA content was significantly higher in sugarcane at 7.70 g Si/kg soil than in the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e4“PAL enzyme activity (50.8 mmol/L), JA (230.2 mmol/L) and SA (2.7 ug mL−1) contents were significantly higher in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (PAL: 46.3 mmol/L, JA: 182.7 mmol/L and SA: 2.4 ug mL−1) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
MDA was lower in sugarcane at 3.85 g Si/kg soil, following the 7.70 g Si/kg soil level, than in the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e3“Lowest values of MDA (348.5 nmol g−1 FW) and H2O2 (3539.4 mmol/L) were observed in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (MDA: 392.6 nmol g−1 FW and H2O2: 3134.6 mmol/L) than that of the control”
Claim · model-written summary
H2O2 was lower in sugarcane at 3.85 g Si/kg soil, following the 7.70 g Si/kg soil level, than in the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e3“Lowest values of MDA (348.5 nmol g−1 FW) and H2O2 (3539.4 mmol/L) were observed in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (MDA: 392.6 nmol g−1 FW and H2O2: 3134.6 mmol/L) than that of the control”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL enzyme activity was significantly higher in sugarcane at 3.85 g Si/kg soil than in the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e4“PAL enzyme activity (50.8 mmol/L), JA (230.2 mmol/L) and SA (2.7 ug mL−1) contents were significantly higher in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (PAL: 46.3 mmol/L, JA: 182.7 mmol/L and SA: 2.4 ug mL−1) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
JA content was significantly higher in sugarcane at 3.85 g Si/kg soil than in the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e4“PAL enzyme activity (50.8 mmol/L), JA (230.2 mmol/L) and SA (2.7 ug mL−1) contents were significantly higher in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (PAL: 46.3 mmol/L, JA: 182.7 mmol/L and SA: 2.4 ug mL−1) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
SA content was significantly higher in sugarcane at 3.85 g Si/kg soil than in the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e4“PAL enzyme activity (50.8 mmol/L), JA (230.2 mmol/L) and SA (2.7 ug mL−1) contents were significantly higher in 7.70 g Si/kg soil followed by in 3.85 g Si/kg soil (PAL: 46.3 mmol/L, JA: 182.7 mmol/L and SA: 2.4 ug mL−1) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugarcane at 7.70 g Si/kg soil had the highest expression of ShMAPK1, ShLOX and ShPAL, compared with other units and the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e5“The lower MDA, H2O2 level and higher enzymatic activities were associated with the highest expression levels of their metabolic pathway associated genes i.e., ShMAPK1, ShLOX, ShPAL, ShAOS, ShAOC, ShC4H, ShCAT, Sh4CL and ShNPR1 (22.08, 15.56, 10.42, 3.35, 2.54, 2.14, 1.82, 1.67 and 1.22 folds, respectively) in 7.70 g Si/kg soil as compared to other experimental units and control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugarcane at 7.70 g Si/kg soil had the highest expression of ShAOS, ShAOC and ShC4H, compared with other units and the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e5“The lower MDA, H2O2 level and higher enzymatic activities were associated with the highest expression levels of their metabolic pathway associated genes i.e., ShMAPK1, ShLOX, ShPAL, ShAOS, ShAOC, ShC4H, ShCAT, Sh4CL and ShNPR1 (22.08, 15.56, 10.42, 3.35, 2.54, 2.14, 1.82, 1.67 and 1.22 folds, respectively) in 7.70 g Si/kg soil as compared to other experimental units and control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugarcane at 7.70 g Si/kg soil had the highest expression of ShCAT, Sh4CL and ShNPR1, compared with other units and the control.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e5“The lower MDA, H2O2 level and higher enzymatic activities were associated with the highest expression levels of their metabolic pathway associated genes i.e., ShMAPK1, ShLOX, ShPAL, ShAOS, ShAOC, ShC4H, ShCAT, Sh4CL and ShNPR1 (22.08, 15.56, 10.42, 3.35, 2.54, 2.14, 1.82, 1.67 and 1.22 folds, respectively) in 7.70 g Si/kg soil as compared to other experimental units and control”
Claim · model-written summary
Siliconized sugarcane regulates disease resistance through modulation of growth and MDA, H2O2, SA and JA associated metabolic pathways.
Verbatim
e0“evaluated the effects of Si application on the performance of sugarcane against Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infection”
e6“siliconized sugarcane more actively regulates disease resistance through modulation of growth and MDA, H2O2, SA and JA associated metabolic pathways”
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