Abstract
Insufficient sunlight during veraison to maturity of winegrapes is a primary factor that inhibits production of phenolic compounds. In this study, a novel thinning technique called cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes, and the berry composition, phenolic profiles, and antioxidant activities of berry skins and wines were determined. CTR of inflorescences reduced cluster compactness, lowered titratable acidity, and increased total soluble solids in berries. CTR also increased concentrations of total phenolics, anthocyanins, tannins, and flavonoids in the pedicel end of berry skins and enhanced concentrations of 12 phenolic compounds. It also increased the concentrations of total flavanols and anthocyanins in wines. CTR berries and wines also had increased antioxidant capacities. Finally, expression of phenolic-related genes was upregulated in the skin of CTR berries.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster tip removal reduced cluster compactness of Marselan grapes.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.
Vitis viniferae1 - Material
- Marselane1
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Outcome
- cluster compactnesse2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e2“CTR of inflorescences reduced cluster compactness, lowered titratable acidity, and increased total soluble solids in berries”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster tip removal lowered titratable acidity of berries.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae1
- Material
- Marselane1
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye2
- Direction
- lowerede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e2“CTR of inflorescences reduced cluster compactness, lowered titratable acidity, and increased total soluble solids in berries”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster tip removal increased total soluble solids in berries.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae1
- Material
- Marselane1
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e2“CTR of inflorescences reduced cluster compactness, lowered titratable acidity, and increased total soluble solids in berries”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster tip removal increased total phenolics, anthocyanins and tannins in the pedicel end of berry skins.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae1
- Material
- Marselane1
- Organ / stage
- pedicel end of berry skinse3
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Outcome
- total phenolics, anthocyanins, tanninse3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e3“CTR also increased concentrations of total phenolics, anthocyanins, tannins, and flavonoids in the pedicel end of berry skins”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster tip removal increased flavonoids in the pedicel end of berry skins.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae1
- Material
- Marselane1
- Organ / stage
- pedicel end of berry skinse3
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Outcome
- flavonoidse3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e3“CTR also increased concentrations of total phenolics, anthocyanins, tannins, and flavonoids in the pedicel end of berry skins”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster tip removal enhanced the concentrations of 12 phenolic compounds in berry skins.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae1
- Material
- Marselane1
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Outcome
- concentrations of 12 phenolic compoundse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e4“enhanced concentrations of 12 phenolic compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster tip removal increased total flavanols and anthocyanins in wines.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae1
- Material
- Marselane1
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Outcome
- total flavanols and anthocyaninse5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e5“It also increased the concentrations of total flavanols and anthocyanins in wines”
Claim · model-written summary
Berries and wines from cluster tip removal had increased antioxidant capacities.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae1
- Material
- Marselane1
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacitiese6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e6“CTR berries and wines also had increased antioxidant capacities”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic-related gene expression was upregulated in the skin of cluster tip removal berries.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae1
- Material
- Marselane1
- Organ / stage
- skine7
- Treatment
- cluster tip removal (CTR)e1
- Gene
- phenolic-related genese7
- Outcome
- expressione7
- Direction
- upregulatede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“cluster tip removal (CTR) was applied to inflorescences of Vitis vinifera L. Marselan grapes”
e7“expression of phenolic-related genes was upregulated in the skin of CTR berries”
The same questions in other papers
cluster · quality: phytochemicals · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 15 papers →cluster · molecular: metabolites · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.