Abstract
Abstract Background Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants and may substitute the use of mineral starter fertilizers. However, placement depth and distribution of slurry may influence the plant growth response. Aims The objective was to evaluate the effects of slurry placement depth and distribution on initial maize growth, and N and P uptake on loamy sand and coarse sandy soil. Methods In a pot experiment, CS spiked with ( 15 NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 was placed either 2, 5, or 8 cm below the seed in a thick layer covering 50% of the central pot area or 5 cm below the seed in a thinner layer covering the whole pot area. Results In the loamy sand soil, maize biomass and P uptake at the five‐leaf stage were higher when slurry was placed in a thick‐centered layer 2 or 5 cm below the seed than at 8 cm. In the coarse sandy soil, maize biomass increased by 21%, when slurry was placed in a thinner layer covering the whole pot area, compared to slurry placed in a thick layer, whereas slurry placement depth had no effect on this soil type. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and 15 N recovery ( 15 NRE) were not affected by slurry placement depth, but the application of slurry in the thick layer increased NUE and 15 NRE in loamy sand soil as compared to the thin slurry layer at the same depth. Conclusions Placed CS could replace starter N and P fertilizer for the early growth of maize. The beneficial effect of placed slurry depended on slurry placement depth in the loamy sand soil and slurry distribution in the coarse sandy soil, and distribution of slurry in broader bands seems a promising strategy in coarse sandy soils.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Maize biomass and P uptake were higher with slurry in a thick layer 2 or 5 cm below the seed than at 8 cm in loamy sand.
- Treatment
- thick‐centered layer 2 or 5 cm below the seede1
- Outcome
- maize biomass and P uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- at 8 cme1
- Setting
- loamy sand soile1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants”
e1“In the loamy sand soil, maize biomass and P uptake at the five‐leaf stage were higher when slurry was placed in a thick‐centered layer 2 or 5 cm below the seed than at 8 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
In coarse sandy soil, maize biomass increased by 21% with slurry in a thinner layer covering the whole pot area compared with a thick layer.
- Treatment
- thinner layer covering the whole pot areae2
- Outcome
- maize biomasse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 21%e2
- Comparator
- thick layere2
- Setting
- coarse sandy soile2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants”
e2“In the coarse sandy soil, maize biomass increased by 21%, when slurry was placed in a thinner layer covering the whole pot area, compared to slurry placed in a thick layer, whereas slurry placement depth had no effect on this soil type”
Claim · model-written summary
Slurry placement depth had no effect on maize biomass in coarse sandy soil.
- Treatment
- slurry placement depthe2
- Outcome
- maize biomasse2
- Direction
- no effecte2
- Setting
- coarse sandy soile2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants”
e2“In the coarse sandy soil, maize biomass increased by 21%, when slurry was placed in a thinner layer covering the whole pot area, compared to slurry placed in a thick layer, whereas slurry placement depth had no effect on this soil type”
Claim · model-written summary
Slurry placement depth did not affect nitrogen use efficiency or 15N recovery.
- Treatment
- slurry placement depthe3
- Outcome
- Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and 15 N recoverye3
- Direction
- not affectede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants”
e3“Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and 15 N recovery ( 15 NRE) were not affected by slurry placement depth”
Claim · model-written summary
Slurry in the thick layer increased NUE and 15N recovery in loamy sand compared with the thin slurry layer at the same depth.
- Treatment
- application of slurry in the thick layere4
- Outcome
- NUE and 15 NREe4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- thin slurry layere4
- Setting
- loamy sand soile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants”
e4“the application of slurry in the thick layer increased NUE and 15 NRE in loamy sand soil as compared to the thin slurry layer at the same depth”
Claim · model-written summary
Placed cattle slurry could replace starter N and P fertilizer for the early growth of maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants”
e5“Placed CS could replace starter N and P fertilizer for the early growth of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The beneficial effect of placed slurry depended on slurry placement depth in loamy sand.
- Treatment
- slurry placement depthe6
- Outcome
- beneficial effect of placed slurrye6
- Setting
- loamy sand soile6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants”
e6“The beneficial effect of placed slurry depended on slurry placement depth in the loamy sand soil and slurry distribution in the coarse sandy soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Broader bands of slurry seem a promising strategy in coarse sandy soils.
- Treatment
- distribution of slurry in broader bandse7
- Outcome
- a promising strategye7
- Setting
- coarse sandy soilse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placed cattle slurry (CS) provides essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to young maize ( Zea Mays L.) plants”
e7“distribution of slurry in broader bands seems a promising strategy in coarse sandy soils”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · nutrient: efficiency · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
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- no effect
- negative
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168 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1,196 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
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See all 1,365 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.