Abstract
The mutant line of Brown-midrib sorghum has lower lignin content than conventional sorghum. The objectives of this research were to investigate the effects of plant maturity stages at harvest times on nutrient, fiber fraction, tannin content, volatile fatty acids (VFA) production, and in vitro fiber digestibility of mutant lines of Brown Midrib (BMR) sorghum. This research was arranged into a complete block design with a factorial arrangement in three replications. The first factor was a line of BMR sorghum consisted of 3 levels, i.e., Patir 3.1 (non-BMR line/control), Patir 3.2 (BMR line), and Patir 3.7 (BMR line). The second factor was the generative stages of sorghum consisted of 3 levels, i.e., flowering stage, soft-dough stage, and hard-dough stage. The observed variables were nutrient, fiber fraction, tannin content, in vitro rumen fluid characteristics, VFA proportion, acetate: propionate (A:P) ratio, and in vitro fiber-fraction digestibility (IVFFD). Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). No interaction between sorghum-mutant lines and harvest time on nutrient contents, except on total digestible nutrients (TDN), tannin, and VFA. The factor of sorghum-mutant line affected (p<0.01) crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), NH3, butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate. Maturity stages affected dry matter (DM), CF, ash, crude fat, fiber, and fraction, except hemicellulose, acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD), and NDFD, NH3, isovalerate, and valerate. Patir 3.7 at the hard-dough stage produced the highest TDN, but the highest VFA was produced by Patir 3.1 at flowering stages. BMR sorghum-mutant lines produced higher ADF digestibility than non-BMR sorghum-mutant lines. The increasing NDF digestibility was significantly influenced by both sorghum-mutant lines and maturity stages (p<0.01). It is concluded that BMR sorghum-mutant lines at the hard-dough stage produce better nutrient and in vitro digestibility, but the butyric acid is higher in non-BMR sorghum-mutant lines.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum line and harvest time showed no interaction on nutrient contents except TDN, tannin, and VFA.
- Material
- sorghum-mutant linese0
- Treatment
- harvest timee0
- Outcome
- nutrient contentse0
- Qualifier
- except on total digestible nutrients (TDN), tannin, and VFAe0
SorghumNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No interaction between sorghum-mutant lines and harvest time on nutrient contents, except on total digestible nutrients (TDN), tannin, and VFA.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum mutant line significantly affected crude protein, crude fiber, and acid detergent fiber.
- Treatment
- sorghum-mutant linee0
- Outcome
- crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF)e0
- Qualifier
- p<0.01e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The factor of sorghum-mutant line affected (p<0.01) crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), NH3, butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum mutant line significantly affected lignin, neutral detergent fiber digestibility, and NH3.
- Treatment
- sorghum-mutant linee0
- Outcome
- lignin, neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), NH3e0
- Qualifier
- p<0.01e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The factor of sorghum-mutant line affected (p<0.01) crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), NH3, butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum mutant line significantly affected butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The factor of sorghum-mutant line affected (p<0.01) crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), NH3, butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maturity stage affected sorghum dry matter, crude fiber, and ash.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maturity stages affected dry matter (DM), CF, ash, crude fat, fiber, and fraction, except hemicellulose, acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD), and NDFD, NH3, isovalerate, and valerate.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Maturity stage affected sorghum crude fat and fiber fractions.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maturity stages affected dry matter (DM), CF, ash, crude fat, fiber, and fraction, except hemicellulose, acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD), and NDFD, NH3, isovalerate, and valerate.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemicellulose, acid detergent fiber digestibility, and NDFD were exceptions to the reported sorghum maturity-stage effects.
- Treatment
- Maturity stagese0
- Outcome
- hemicellulose, acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD), and NDFDe0
- Qualifier
- excepte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maturity stages affected dry matter (DM), CF, ash, crude fat, fiber, and fraction, except hemicellulose, acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD), and NDFD, NH3, isovalerate, and valerate.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
NH3, isovalerate, and valerate were exceptions to the reported sorghum maturity-stage effects.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maturity stages affected dry matter (DM), CF, ash, crude fat, fiber, and fraction, except hemicellulose, acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD), and NDFD, NH3, isovalerate, and valerate.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Patir 3.7 at hard-dough stage produced the highest total digestible nutrients.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Patir 3.7 at the hard-dough stage produced the highest TDN, but the highest VFA was produced by Patir 3.1 at flowering stages.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Patir 3.1 at flowering produced the highest VFA.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Patir 3.7 at the hard-dough stage produced the highest TDN, but the highest VFA was produced by Patir 3.1 at flowering stages.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
BMR sorghum mutant lines had higher ADF digestibility than non-BMR lines.
- Treatment
- BMR sorghum-mutant linese0
- Outcome
- ADF digestibilitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- non-BMR sorghum-mutant linese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BMR sorghum-mutant lines produced higher ADF digestibility than non-BMR sorghum-mutant lines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum mutant lines significantly influenced increasing NDF digestibility.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increasing NDF digestibility was significantly influenced by both sorghum-mutant lines and maturity stages (p<0.01).”
Claim · model-written summary
Maturity stages significantly influenced increasing NDF digestibility in sorghum.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increasing NDF digestibility was significantly influenced by both sorghum-mutant lines and maturity stages (p<0.01).”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that BMR sorghum lines harvested at hard-dough stage provide better nutrients and in vitro digestibility.
- Outcome
- BMR sorghum-mutant lines at the hard-dough stagee0
- Qualifier
- better nutrient and in vitro digestibilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is concluded that BMR sorghum-mutant lines at the hard-dough stage produce better nutrient and in vitro digestibility, but the butyric acid is higher in non-BMR sorghum-mutant lines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-BMR sorghum mutant lines had higher butyric acid.
- Treatment
- non-BMR sorghum-mutant linese0
- Outcome
- butyric acide0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- BMR sorghum-mutant linese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is concluded that BMR sorghum-mutant lines at the hard-dough stage produce better nutrient and in vitro digestibility, but the butyric acid is higher in non-BMR sorghum-mutant lines.”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.