Abstract
Selenium and sulfur similarity in chemical properties and transport pathways through plant pretend that they may share or compete in some metabolic activities during seed germination and plant growth. This work aimed to study the effect of soaking red kidney bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for 2h in aerated solution of Gum Arabic-Coated Selenium Nanoparticles (GA-SeNPs ≈ 48.22 nm), Sodium Selenate (Na2SeO4) and Sodium Sulphate (Na2SO4), each at 0.0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50 μM concentrations, on germination and seedling growth. The control and the treated seeds were germinated at 25°C ± 0.5 under dark controlled conditions for 4 days. GASeNPs, Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4 significantly improved germination percentage and seedling growth criteria of red kidney bean up to 10 μM, as compared with the controls. Red kidney bean responded in more or less similar trend to the different concentrations of the treatment solutions, with the magnitude of improvement was always greater for GA-SeNPs than for Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4. Moreover, both Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4 significantly decreased germination percent and seedling growth at 50 μM than the controls. The results indicated the successful use of GA-SeNPs up to 50 μM, Na2SO4 and Na2SeO4 up to 5 μM, for enhancing the germination potential and subsequent seedling growth of red kidney bean under study.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
GASeNPs up to 10 μM significantly improved bean germination and seedling growth versus controls.
Verbatim
e0“GASeNPs, Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4 significantly improved germination percentage and seedling growth criteria of red kidney bean up to 10 μM, as compared with the controls.”
Claim · model-written summary
Na2SeO4 up to 10 μM significantly improved bean germination and seedling growth versus controls.
Verbatim
e0“GASeNPs, Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4 significantly improved germination percentage and seedling growth criteria of red kidney bean up to 10 μM, as compared with the controls.”
Claim · model-written summary
Na2SO4 up to 10 μM significantly improved bean germination and seedling growth versus controls.
Verbatim
e0“GASeNPs, Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4 significantly improved germination percentage and seedling growth criteria of red kidney bean up to 10 μM, as compared with the controls.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA-SeNPs produced greater improvement than Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4.
Verbatim
e0“magnitude of improvement was always greater for GA-SeNPs than for Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4”
e1“germination percentage and seedling growth criteria of red kidney bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Na2SeO4 at 50 μM significantly reduced germination and seedling growth versus controls.
Verbatim
e0“both Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4 significantly decreased germination percent and seedling growth at 50 μM than the controls”
e1“seedling growth of red kidney bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Na2SO4 at 50 μM significantly reduced germination and seedling growth versus controls.
Verbatim
e0“both Na2SeO4 and Na2SO4 significantly decreased germination percent and seedling growth at 50 μM than the controls”
e1“seedling growth of red kidney bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors endorsed GA-SeNPs up to 50 μM to enhance bean germination and seedling growth.
Verbatim
e0“successful use of GA-SeNPs up to 50 μM, Na2SO4 and Na2SeO4 up to 5 μM, for enhancing the germination potential and subsequent seedling growth of red kidney bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors endorsed Na2SO4 up to 5 μM to enhance bean germination and seedling growth.
Verbatim
e0“successful use of GA-SeNPs up to 50 μM, Na2SO4 and Na2SeO4 up to 5 μM, for enhancing the germination potential and subsequent seedling growth of red kidney bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors endorsed Na2SeO4 up to 5 μM to enhance bean germination and seedling growth.
Verbatim
e0“successful use of GA-SeNPs up to 50 μM, Na2SO4 and Na2SeO4 up to 5 μM, for enhancing the germination potential and subsequent seedling growth of red kidney bean”
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