Abstract
Soil nutrients and water management practices according to the concept of 4R nutrient stewardship (right rate, right timing, right placement, and right source) can have significant benefits on crop productivity and reduce the negative effects of agricultural practices on the environment. Therefore, this present study evaluated the effects of nitrogen (N) application timing under different irrigation regimes on open-field, fresh-market tomato production in Florida. In this study, 2 N application timings applied at 25% pre-plant with 75% fertigation (BM), and 0 pre-plant with 100% fertigation (NB), were evaluated. The two N application methods were evaluates using three irrigation regimes: full irrigation (FI, 100% ETc), deficit irrigation (DI, 66% ETc), and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, 66% ETc during the first 4 weeks after transplanting and 100% ETc afterward). The results showed that BM treatment significantly improved early-season tomato growth compared to NB treatment. The results also indicated that under RDI and DI irrigation conditions, tomato root length was lowest (average value of 13%) within the first 15 cm compared to 40% within 15–30 cm and 47% at 30–40 cm soil depths. Similar to plant growth, BM treatment significantly increased tomato yield (average valued 56.00 Mg ha−1) compared to the NB (average value 40.23 Mg ha−1). The application of DI throughout the growing season reduced tomato yield; however, there were no differences in yield under the RDI and FI irrigation regimes. Therefore, based on the results from this study, it can be concluded that, under Florida growing conditions, pre-plant N application is essential for tomato growth and productivity. Additionally, irrigation application using the RDI method could be successfully adopted in Florida tomato production for improved water savings without any negative effects on tomato growth and productivity.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
BM nitrogen timing improved early tomato growth over NB.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- BM treatmente0
- Outcome
- early-season tomato growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- NB treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM treatment significantly improved early-season tomato growth compared to NB treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Under deficit irrigation, tomato roots were least common in the top 15 cm of soil.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- RDI and DI irrigation conditionse0
- Outcome
- tomato root lengthe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 13%e0
- Setting
- first 15 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under RDI and DI irrigation conditions, tomato root length was lowest (average value of 13%) within the first 15 cm compared to 40% within 15–30 cm and 47% at 30–40 cm soil depths”
Claim · model-written summary
BM increased tomato yield to 56.00 Mg ha−1 versus 40.23 Mg ha−1 for NB.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- BM treatmente0
- Outcome
- tomato yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 56.00 Mg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 40.23 Mg ha−1e0
- Comparator
- NBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BM treatment significantly increased tomato yield (average valued 56.00 Mg ha−1) compared to the NB (average value 40.23 Mg ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
DI throughout the season reduced tomato yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- DI throughout the growing seasone0
- Outcome
- tomato yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of DI throughout the growing season reduced tomato yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RDI and FI showed no yield difference.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- RDIe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Comparator
- FIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no differences in yield under the RDI and FI irrigation regimes”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that preplant nitrogen is essential for tomato growth and productivity in Florida.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- pre-plant N application is essential for tomato growth and productivitye0
- Setting
- Floridae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under Florida growing conditions, pre-plant N application is essential for tomato growth and productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend RDI for Florida tomato production to save water without harming growth or productivity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- RDI method could be successfully adoptede0
- Qualifier
- improved water savings without any negative effects on tomato growth and productivitye0
- Setting
- Floridae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigation application using the RDI method could be successfully adopted in Florida tomato production for improved water savings without any negative effects on tomato growth and productivity”
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