Abstract
Abstract White leaf spot ( Neopseudocercosporella capsellae ), Alternaria leaf spot ( Alternaria brassicae ), blackleg ( Leptosphaeria maculans ), and downy mildew ( Hyaloperonospora brassicae ) commonly co‐occur on rapeseed ( Brassica napus ). In controlled environment studies, the synergistic/antagonistic interactions between these four pathogens were determined using two cultivars (Surpass 400, Thunder TT) with contrasting susceptibilities/resistances towards these pathogens. A spectrum of significant ( p < 0.001) contrasting synergistic/antagonistic interactions between the four pathogens was observed and specific pathogen–pathogen interaction outcomes were determined by sequence of inoculation of different pathogens on each cultivar. On Thunder TT, Alternaria leaf spot was more severe ( p < 0.001) when A . brassicae was applied prior to N . capsellae , but was reduced ( p < 0.001) when A . brassicae was applied following N . capsellae . On Surpass 400, Alternaria leaf spot was enhanced ( p < 0.001) when A . brassicae was applied following N . capsellae . For interactions involving H . brassicae on Thunder TT, downy mildew was reduced ( p < 0.001) when co‐inoculated with N . capsellae , A . brassicae , or L . maculans , irrespective of co‐inoculating pathogen application sequence. This study highlights how disease severity of one or more co‐occurring pathogens is enhanced/decreased in the presence of other co‐occurring pathogens and emphasizes the importance of both pathogen inoculation sequence and relative host plant resistances/susceptibilities to different pathogens in together determining the total disease burden from these co‐occurring rapeseed diseases. Clearly, there is a need for rapeseed germplasm selection and breeding programmes to seriously consider the implications of co‐occurring pathogen complexes rather than solely relying upon single‐pathogen screening tests.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
On Thunder TT, Alternaria leaf spot was more severe when A. brassicae was applied before N. capsellae.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Material
- Thunder TTe1
- Treatment
- A . brassicae was applied prior to N . capsellaee2
- Interactor
- A . brassicae
_Sacc._Symptoms_on_cabbage.JPG?width=60)
Alternaria brassicaee2pathogen - Second interactor
- N . capsellaeNeopseudocercosporella capsellaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- Alternaria leaf spote1
- Direction
- more severee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Sacc._Symptoms_on_cabbage.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“on rapeseed ( Brassica napus )”
e1“On Thunder TT, Alternaria leaf spot was more severe”
e2“when A . brassicae was applied prior to N . capsellae”
Claim · model-written summary
On Thunder TT, downy mildew was reduced when co-inoculated with N. capsellae.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Material
- Thunder TTe6
- Treatment
- co‐inoculated with N . capsellaee7
- Interactor
- H . brassicae
Hyaloperonospora brassicaee6pathogen - Second interactor
- N . capsellaeNeopseudocercosporella capsellaee7pathogen
- Outcome
- downy mildewe6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on rapeseed ( Brassica napus )”
e6“For interactions involving H . brassicae on Thunder TT, downy mildew was reduced”
e7“when co‐inoculated with N . capsellae , A . brassicae , or L . maculans”
Claim · model-written summary
A spectrum of significant contrasting synergistic and antagonistic interactions occurred between the four rapeseed pathogens.
Verbatim
e0“on rapeseed ( Brassica napus )”
e1“A spectrum of significant ( p < 0.001) contrasting synergistic/antagonistic interactions between the four pathogens was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Rapeseed germplasm selection and breeding programmes should seriously consider co-occurring pathogen complexes rather than single-pathogen screening.
Verbatim
e0“there is a need for rapeseed germplasm selection and breeding programmes to seriously consider the implications of co‐occurring pathogen complexes”