Abstract
Abstract Non‐host resistance is the resistance of plants against all so‐called non‐adapted pathogens, and is considered the most durable and efficient immune system of plants. We investigated barley powdery mildew ( Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei , Bgh )‐triggered defence responses in seven wheat genotypes, and the induction of resistance by this non‐host pathogen to challenge infection with leaf rust, Puccinia triticina Eriks (formerly known as Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici ). Bright‐field and ultraviolet microscopy revealed that although the germination of conidia on non‐host wheat leaves was generally lower than on host barley leaves, the 100% germination on Mv Mambó and only 50% germination on Mv 1 wheat genotypes are the two extremes. If we consider only the germinated conidia, papilla formation was the most frequently observed interaction on Mv 2 (90%) and Mv 4 (88%) genotypes. Epidermal cell death was pronounced on Mv Mambó (31%), but rare on Mv 2 (10%) and Mv 4 (11%), and a mesophyll hypersensitive response could even be detected. At sites of penetration attempts accumulation of H 2 O 2 was shown by 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine staining. Ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione S‐transferase and catalase enzyme activities were augmented by 24.5%, 40.4%, and 21.5%, respectively, in wheat leaves 2 days after Bgh infection. Primary inoculation with Bgh , although with high variability, reduced the number of pustules in all wheat genotypes at first and third leaf stages upon inoculation with leaf rust races 12 and 61 by 10%–70% depending on the genotype, leaf stage and rust race.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Conidial germination on nonhost wheat was generally lower than on host barley.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Interactor
- Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordeiBlumeria hordeit0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination of conidia on non‐host wheat leavese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- host barley leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“germination of conidia on non‐host wheat leaves was generally lower than on host barley leaves”
t0“Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei”
Claim · model-written summary
Conidial germination was 100% on Mv Mambó wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mv Mambóe0
- Interactor
- Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordeiBlumeria hordeit0pathogen
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Value
- 100%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 100% germination on Mv Mambó and only 50% germination on Mv 1 wheat genotypes”
t0“Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei”
Claim · model-written summary
Conidial germination was 50% on Mv 1 wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Mv 1e0
- Interactor
- Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordeiBlumeria hordeit0pathogen
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Value
- 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 100% germination on Mv Mambó and only 50% germination on Mv 1 wheat genotypes”
t0“Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei”
Claim · model-written summary
Papilla formation occurred at 90% of germinated conidial interactions on Mv 2.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Mv 2e0
- Interactor
- Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordeiBlumeria hordeit1pathogen
- Outcome
- papilla formatione0
- Value
- 90%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“papilla formation was the most frequently observed interaction on Mv 2 (90%) and Mv 4 (88%) genotypes”
t1“Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei”
t0“wheat genotypes results in a decrease in Puccinia triticina infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Papilla formation occurred at 88% of germinated conidial interactions on Mv 4.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Mv 4e0
- Interactor
- Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordeiBlumeria hordeit1pathogen
- Outcome
- papilla formatione0
- Value
- 88%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“papilla formation was the most frequently observed interaction on Mv 2 (90%) and Mv 4 (88%) genotypes”
t1“Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei”
t0“wheat genotypes results in a decrease in Puccinia triticina infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Epidermal cell death was 31% on Mv Mambó.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Mv Mambóe0
- Outcome
- Epidermal cell deathe0
- Value
- 31%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Epidermal cell death was pronounced on Mv Mambó (31%), but rare on Mv 2 (10%) and Mv 4 (11%)”
t0“wheat genotypes results in a decrease in Puccinia triticina infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Epidermal cell death was 10% on Mv 2.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Mv 2e0
- Outcome
- Epidermal cell deathe0
- Value
- 10%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Epidermal cell death was pronounced on Mv Mambó (31%), but rare on Mv 2 (10%) and Mv 4 (11%)”
t0“wheat genotypes results in a decrease in Puccinia triticina infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Epidermal cell death was 11% on Mv 4.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Mv 4e0
- Outcome
- Epidermal cell deathe0
- Value
- 11%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Epidermal cell death was pronounced on Mv Mambó (31%), but rare on Mv 2 (10%) and Mv 4 (11%)”
t0“wheat genotypes results in a decrease in Puccinia triticina infection”
Claim · model-written summary
A mesophyll hypersensitive response was detected.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- mesophyll hypersensitive responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a mesophyll hypersensitive response could even be detected”
t0“wheat genotypes results in a decrease in Puccinia triticina infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide accumulated at attempted penetration sites.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- accumulation of H 2 O 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At sites of penetration attempts accumulation of H 2 O 2 was shown by 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine staining.”
t0“wheat genotypes results in a decrease in Puccinia triticina infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbate peroxidase activity increased by 24.5% after Bgh infection.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Bgh infectione0
- Interactor
- Bghe0pathogen
- Gene
- Ascorbate peroxidasee0
- Outcome
- Ascorbate peroxidasee0
- Direction
- augmentede0
- Value
- 24.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione S‐transferase and catalase enzyme activities were augmented by 24.5%, 40.4%, and 21.5%, respectively, in wheat leaves 2 days after Bgh infection.”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione S-transferase activity increased by 40.4% after Bgh infection.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Bgh infectione0
- Interactor
- Bghe0pathogen
- Gene
- glutathione S‐transferasee0
- Outcome
- glutathione S‐transferasee0
- Direction
- augmentede0
- Value
- 40.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione S‐transferase and catalase enzyme activities were augmented by 24.5%, 40.4%, and 21.5%, respectively, in wheat leaves 2 days after Bgh infection.”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase activity increased by 21.5% after Bgh infection.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Bgh infectione0
- Interactor
- Bghe0pathogen
- Gene
- catalasee0
- Outcome
- catalase enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- augmentede0
- Value
- 21.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione S‐transferase and catalase enzyme activities were augmented by 24.5%, 40.4%, and 21.5%, respectively, in wheat leaves 2 days after Bgh infection.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bgh preinoculation reduced leaf rust pustules by 10%–70% across wheat genotypes and stages.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Primary inoculation with Bghe0
- Interactor
- leaf ruste0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bghe0pathogen
- Outcome
- number of pustulese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 10%–70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Primary inoculation with Bgh , although with high variability, reduced the number of pustules in all wheat genotypes at first and third leaf stages upon inoculation with leaf rust races 12 and 61 by 10%–70% depending on the genotype, leaf stage and rust race.”
The same questions in other papers
infection · soil: biology · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
infection · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →infection · molecular: metabolites · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.