Abstract
A field study was conducted in 2018 to determine the growth and yield response of improved sweet potato cultivars to intercropping with hybrid maize and inorganic fertilizer application using a randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement and three replications. Maize was intercropped with NASPOT 1, NASPOT 8 and NASPOT 11 potato cultivars. Sole crops and the potato/maize intercrops were fertilized with graded levels of N, P and K comprising a control without fertilizer, 40-20-30, 80-40-60, 120-60-90 and 160-80-120 kg/ha of N-P-K. Vine lengths, and numbers of vine branches and leaves of potato plants under intercropping were higher (P < .05) than those of plants under sole cropping system. In both systems, NPK fertilizer application didn’t (P >.05) affect the vine lengths and numbers of vine branches compared to the control. But numbers of vine branches of plants under sole cropping for all the fertilizer treatments were higher (P < .0001) than those of plants under intercropping system. Generally, NPK application in the sole potato cropping significantly (P =.02) affected the leaf numbers, and the fertilized potato plants had greater (P < .05) leaf numbers than the control. In both systems, NASPOT 11 produced the highest tuber yield, followed by NASPOT 8. Tuber yields were better (P < .01) under sole cropping (43.36 MT/ha) than under intercropping (33.35 MT/ha). Maize grain yields were also better (P < .0001) under sole cropping than under intercropping. But grain yields from all the fertilized intercrops were greater (P < .05) than those of their corresponding control treatments. In all the intercrops, the land equivalent ratios (LERs) were greater than unity indicating yield advantage of intercropping over sole cropping. It was concluded that applying 120-60-90 kg/ha of N-P-K into the potato/maize intercrops results in better tuber yields compared to the unfertilized control. Also, N-P-K application in quantities greater than 40-20-30 kg/ha does not lead to significant differences in tuber yields between the potato/maize intercropping and sole potato cropping systems indicating that inter-specific competition for nutrients in the intercrops is eliminated by the fertilizer. In addition, the application of 80-120 kg N/ha, 40-60 kg P/ha and 60-90 kg K/ha in the intercrops results in better intercrop performance as revealed by higher LERs indicating that improved potato cultivars and hybrid maize are compatible for intercropping. Therefore, farmers can intercrop improved sweet potato cultivars with hybrid maize and apply 120-60-90 kg/ha of N, P and K in the intercrops to maximize yields.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped sweet potato had longer vines and more leaves than sole sweet potato.
- Taxon
- sweet potato
_Flower.jpg?width=60)
Ipomoea batatast0 - Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- Vine lengths, and numbers of vine branches and leavese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- sole cropping systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Flower.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Vine lengths, and numbers of vine branches and leaves of potato plants under intercropping were higher (P < .05) than those of plants under sole cropping system”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK did not significantly affect vine length or branch number in either system.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- NPK fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- vine lengths and numbers of vine branchese0
- Direction
- didn’te0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both systems, NPK fertilizer application didn’t (P >.05) affect the vine lengths and numbers of vine branches compared to the control”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The abstract also reports more vine branches under sole cropping than intercropping for all fertiliser treatments.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- sole croppinge0
- Outcome
- numbers of vine branchese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- intercropping systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“numbers of vine branches of plants under sole cropping for all the fertilizer treatments were higher (P < .0001) than those of plants under intercropping system”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK significantly affected sweet potato leaf number in sole cropping.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- NPK applicatione0
- Outcome
- leaf numberse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK application in the sole potato cropping significantly (P =.02) affected the leaf numbers”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilised sole sweet potato had more leaves than the unfertilised control.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- fertilized potato plantse0
- Outcome
- leaf numberse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the fertilized potato plants had greater (P < .05) leaf numbers than the control”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
NASPOT 11 had the highest tuber yield in both systems.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Material
- NASPOT 11e0
- Outcome
- tuber yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both systems, NASPOT 11 produced the highest tuber yield, followed by NASPOT 8”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
NASPOT 8 ranked second for tuber yield in both systems.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Material
- NASPOT 8e0
- Outcome
- tuber yielde0
- Direction
- followed bye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both systems, NASPOT 11 produced the highest tuber yield, followed by NASPOT 8”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole sweet potato yielded 43.36 MT/ha versus 33.35 MT/ha intercropped.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- sole croppinge0
- Outcome
- Tuber yieldse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 43.36 MT/hae0
- Qualifier
- 33.35 MT/hae0
- Comparator
- intercroppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tuber yields were better (P < .01) under sole cropping (43.36 MT/ha) than under intercropping (33.35 MT/ha)”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole maize had greater grain yield than intercropped maize.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize grain yields were also better (P < .0001) under sole cropping than under intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilised intercrops had greater maize grain yields than corresponding controls.
- Treatment
- fertilized intercropse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- corresponding control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yields from all the fertilized intercrops were greater (P < .05) than those of their corresponding control treatments”
t0“hybrid maize”
Claim · model-written summary
All intercrops had land equivalent ratios above one.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Outcome
- land equivalent ratios (LERs)e0
- Direction
- greater thane0
- Value
- unitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all the intercrops, the land equivalent ratios (LERs) were greater than unity indicating yield advantage of intercropping over sole cropping”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude 120-60-90 kg/ha N-P-K improves intercropped tuber yield against no fertiliser.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- 120-60-90 kg/ha of N-P-Ke0
- Outcome
- tuber yieldse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- unfertilized controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying 120-60-90 kg/ha of N-P-K into the potato/maize intercrops results in better tuber yields compared to the unfertilized control”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 40-20-30 kg/ha N-P-K, intercropped and sole tuber yields did not significantly differ.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- N-P-K application in quantities greater than 40-20-30 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- tuber yieldse0
- Direction
- does not lead to significant differencese0
- Comparator
- sole potato cropping systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N-P-K application in quantities greater than 40-20-30 kg/ha does not lead to significant differences in tuber yields between the potato/maize intercropping and sole potato cropping systems”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer fertiliser eliminates interspecific nutrient competition in intercrops.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- fertilizere0
- Outcome
- inter-specific competition for nutrients in the intercropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inter-specific competition for nutrients in the intercrops is eliminated by the fertilizer”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude the specified NPK range raises land equivalent ratios.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- 80-120 kg N/ha, 40-60 kg P/ha and 60-90 kg K/hae0
- Outcome
- LERse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 80-120 kg N/ha, 40-60 kg P/ha and 60-90 kg K/ha in the intercrops results in better intercrop performance as revealed by higher LERs”
t0“sweet potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer sweet potato cultivars and hybrid maize are compatible for intercropping.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Outcome
- compatible for intercroppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved potato cultivars and hybrid maize are compatible for intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend intercropping improved sweet potato with hybrid maize and 120-60-90 kg/ha NPK.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0
- Outcome
- intercrop improved sweet potato cultivars with hybrid maize and apply 120-60-90 kg/ha of N, P and K in the intercrops to maximize yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“farmers can intercrop improved sweet potato cultivars with hybrid maize and apply 120-60-90 kg/ha of N, P and K in the intercrops to maximize yields”
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