Abstract
Although numerous factors contribute to wide yield gaps, low external inputs, particularly N, and poor cropping practices such as soil tillage and monocropping are among the major factors affecting low maize production. In view of this, field experiments were implemented on two sites with Cambisols and Chernozem soil types in two consecutive years to evaluate the impacts of different soil management practices on the grain yield and quality, nitrogen uptake, and selected soil properties. A three-factor experiment was arranged as a split-split plot arrangement randomized complete block design with three replications. The minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT) were used as the main plot, haricot bean-maize rotation and maize monocropping were used as the subplot, and four levels of nitrogen fertilization (control, 20 t ha-1 compost, 46 kg N ha−1 + 10 t ha−1 compost, and 92 kg N ha−1) were used as the sub-subplot. Analysis of variance showed that soil management practices were significantly affecting grain yield, N-uptake, and soil properties. In sites, the conventional tillage and rotation system increased the grain yield and N-uptake in contrast to the minimum tillage and monocropping, respectively. Similarly, nitrogen evidently affected the grain yield, N-uptake, and selected soil properties. However, tillage methods differed in their effects on soil chemical properties; soil organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations were improved through MT compared to CT. Grain yield was significantly associated with NDVI, grain N-content, and N-uptake. Therefore, a CT plus haricot bean-maize rotation system with the addition of solely 92 kg N ha−1 and integrated 46 kg N ha−1 + 10 t compost ha−1 could be recommended for Hawassa Zuria (Cambisols) and Meskan (Chernozem) districts, respectively. However, in order to ensure sustainable maize production in the investigated areas, an integrated N treatment with MT and a rotation system may be recommended, which could improve soil properties.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage increased grain yield and nitrogen uptake relative to minimum tillage.
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee1
- Outcome
- grain yield and N-uptakee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- minimum tillagee1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“conventional tillage and rotation system increased the grain yield and N-uptake in contrast to the minimum tillage and monocropping, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation increased grain yield and nitrogen uptake relative to monocropping.
- Treatment
- rotation systeme1
- Outcome
- grain yield and N-uptakee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- monocroppinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“rotation system increased the grain yield and N-uptake in contrast to the minimum tillage and monocropping, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatment affected grain yield, nitrogen uptake and soil properties.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“nitrogen evidently affected the grain yield, N-uptake, and selected soil properties”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage improved soil organic carbon and total nitrogen compared with conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- MTe1
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrationse1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- CTe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“soil organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations were improved through MT compared to CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was significantly associated with NDVI, grain nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Grain yield was significantly associated with NDVI, grain N-content, and N-uptake.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend conventional tillage, rotation and 92 kg nitrogen per hectare for Hawassa Zuria.
- Outcome
- CT plus haricot bean-maize rotation system with the addition of solely 92 kg N ha−1e1
- Setting
- Hawassa Zuria (Cambisols)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“a CT plus haricot bean-maize rotation system with the addition of solely 92 kg N ha−1 and integrated 46 kg N ha−1 + 10 t compost ha−1 could be recommended for Hawassa Zuria (Cambisols) and Meskan (Chernozem) districts, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend conventional tillage, rotation and integrated nitrogen and compost for Meskan.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“a CT plus haricot bean-maize rotation system with the addition of solely 92 kg N ha−1 and integrated 46 kg N ha−1 + 10 t compost ha−1 could be recommended for Hawassa Zuria (Cambisols) and Meskan (Chernozem) districts, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated nitrogen treatment with minimum tillage and rotation may improve soil properties for sustainable maize production.
- Outcome
- integrated N treatment with MT and a rotation systeme1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“an integrated N treatment with MT and a rotation system may be recommended, which could improve soil properties”
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