Abstract
Vigna mungo L. (black gram) is a summer pulse crop endemic to Central Asia. It is one of Pakistan's top five premium food beans and a highly cost-effective crop. Allelochemicals in Trianthema portulacastrum leaf extract effect and inhibit black gram germination rate, seedling length, fresh and dry biomass of seedling from low to high concentrations. The research revealed that in vitro leaf extract of black pigweed decrease the mash bean leaf germination percentage (34% to 6%), seedling length (10cm to 3cm), fresh biomass of seedling (2.4g to 0.94g), dry biomass (1.2g to 0.47g). Biological tool Pseudomonas (PF- 097) act as bioherbicide and as plant growth promoter agent (PGPR) to decrease the Trianthema portulacastrum allelopathic stress and to enhance the growth of black gram. The Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR addition in vitro experiment increased mash bean leaf germination (8-42%), seedling length (12-54%), and fresh biomass of seedling (8-17%) and dry biomass of seedling (0.47g-1.2g). In vivo experimental study revealed that whole plant material of black pigweed significantly suppress the shoot length (46cm to 18cm), shoot fresh biomass (2.6g to 0.66g) and shoot dry biomass (1.31g to 0.33g) and Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR incorporation in vivo experminet significantly increased the shoot length (4% to 12%), shoot fresh biomass (18% to 35%), shoot dry biomass (17% to 35%). Physiological activity of Catalase and peroxidase considerably increased in negative treatments amended with only T. portulacastrum and decreased in positive treatments by using biological agent Pseudomonas spp (PF- 097). By the amendment of Pseudomonas (PF- 097) protein content of mash bean seedling was significantly increased in positive treatments as compared to negative treatments.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Pigweed leaf extract reduced black gram germination from 34% to 6%.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- leaf extract of black pigweede0
- Interactor
- black pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- mash bean leaf germination percentagee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 34% to 6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“leaf extract of black pigweed decrease the mash bean leaf germination percentage (34% to 6%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigweed leaf extract reduced seedling length from 10 cm to 3 cm.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- leaf extract of black pigweede0
- Interactor
- black pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- seedling lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 10cm to 3cme0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“leaf extract of black pigweed decrease the mash bean leaf germination percentage (34% to 6%), seedling length (10cm to 3cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigweed leaf extract reduced seedling fresh biomass from 2.4 g to 0.94 g.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- leaf extract of black pigweede0
- Interactor
- black pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- fresh biomass of seedlinge0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 2.4g to 0.94ge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“leaf extract of black pigweed decrease the mash bean leaf germination percentage (34% to 6%), seedling length (10cm to 3cm), fresh biomass of seedling (2.4g to 0.94g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigweed leaf extract reduced seedling dry biomass from 1.2 g to 0.47 g.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- leaf extract of black pigweede0
- Interactor
- black pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 1.2g to 0.47ge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“leaf extract of black pigweed decrease the mash bean leaf germination percentage (34% to 6%), seedling length (10cm to 3cm), fresh biomass of seedling (2.4g to 0.94g), dry biomass (1.2g to 0.47g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas PF-097 increased germination by 8–42%.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR additione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas (PF-097)
Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mash bean leaf germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8-42%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR addition in vitro experiment increased mash bean leaf germination (8-42%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas PF-097 increased seedling length by 12–54%.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR additione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas (PF-097)Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- seedling lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12-54%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR addition in vitro experiment increased mash bean leaf germination (8-42%), seedling length (12-54%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas PF-097 increased seedling fresh biomass by 8–17%.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR additione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas (PF-097)Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- fresh biomass of seedlinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8-17%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR addition in vitro experiment increased mash bean leaf germination (8-42%), seedling length (12-54%), and fresh biomass of seedling (8-17%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas PF-097 increased seedling dry biomass from 0.47 g to 1.2 g.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR additione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas (PF-097)Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- dry biomass of seedlinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.47g-1.2ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR addition in vitro experiment increased mash bean leaf germination (8-42%), seedling length (12-54%), and fresh biomass of seedling (8-17%) and dry biomass of seedling (0.47g-1.2g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole pigweed material reduced shoot length from 46 cm to 18 cm.
- Taxon
- Vigna mungo
Vigna mungot0 - Treatment
- whole plant material of black pigweede0
- Interactor
- black pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- suppresse0
- Value
- 46cm to 18cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whole plant material of black pigweed significantly suppress the shoot length (46cm to 18cm)”
t0“Vigna mungo”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole pigweed material reduced shoot fresh biomass from 2.6 g to 0.66 g.
- Taxon
- Vigna mungoVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- whole plant material of black pigweede0
- Interactor
- black pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- shoot fresh biomasse0
- Direction
- suppresse0
- Value
- 2.6g to 0.66ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whole plant material of black pigweed significantly suppress the shoot length (46cm to 18cm), shoot fresh biomass (2.6g to 0.66g)”
t0“Vigna mungo”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole pigweed material reduced shoot dry biomass from 1.31 g to 0.33 g.
- Taxon
- Vigna mungoVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- whole plant material of black pigweede0
- Interactor
- black pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- shoot dry biomasse0
- Direction
- suppresse0
- Value
- 1.31g to 0.33ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whole plant material of black pigweed significantly suppress the shoot length (46cm to 18cm), shoot fresh biomass (2.6g to 0.66g) and shoot dry biomass (1.31g to 0.33g)”
t0“Vigna mungo”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas PF-097 increased shoot length by 4–12% in vivo.
- Taxon
- Vigna mungoVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR incorporatione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas (PF-097)Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4% to 12%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR incorporation in vivo experminet significantly increased the shoot length (4% to 12%)”
t0“Vigna mungo”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas PF-097 increased shoot fresh biomass by 18–35% in vivo.
- Taxon
- Vigna mungoVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR incorporatione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas (PF-097)Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- shoot fresh biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18% to 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR incorporation in vivo experminet significantly increased the shoot length (4% to 12%), shoot fresh biomass (18% to 35%)”
t0“Vigna mungo”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas PF-097 increased shoot dry biomass by 17–35% in vivo.
- Taxon
- Vigna mungoVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR incorporatione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas (PF-097)Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- shoot dry biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 17% to 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas (PF-097) PGPR incorporation in vivo experminet significantly increased the shoot length (4% to 12%), shoot fresh biomass (18% to 35%), shoot dry biomass (17% to 35%)”
t0“Vigna mungo”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigweed treatment increased catalase and peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- Vigna mungoVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- only T. portulacastrume0
- Interactor
- T. portulacastrum
Trianthema portulacastrume0weed - Outcome
- Physiological activity of Catalase and peroxidasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Physiological activity of Catalase and peroxidase considerably increased in negative treatments amended with only T. portulacastrum”
t0“Vigna mungo”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas treatment decreased catalase and peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- Vigna mungoVigna mungot0
- Treatment
- biological agent Pseudomonas spp (PF- 097)e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas spp (PF- 097)Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Physiological activity of Catalase and peroxidasee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- negative treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Physiological activity of Catalase and peroxidase considerably increased in negative treatments amended with only T. portulacastrum and decreased in positive treatments by using biological agent Pseudomonas spp (PF- 097)”
t0“Vigna mungo”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas amendment significantly raised seedling protein content against negative treatments.
- Taxon
- mash beane0
- Treatment
- amendment of Pseudomonas (PF- 097)e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas (PF- 097)Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- protein content of mash bean seedlinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- negative treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By the amendment of Pseudomonas (PF- 097) protein content of mash bean seedling was significantly increased in positive treatments as compared to negative treatments”
The same questions in other papers
Pseudomonas · growth · Vigna mungo (black gram)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
inoculation · growth · Vigna mungo (black gram)Positive and negative results
38 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
39 papers more in this group
See all 43 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.