Abstract
Abstract Premise The phenomenon called “diminishing returns” refers to a scaling relationship between lamina mass ( M ) vs. lamina area ( A ) in many species, i.e., M ∝ A α >1 , where α i s the scaling exponent exceeding unity. Prior studies have focused on the scaling relationships between lamina dry mass (DM) and A , or between fresh mass (FM) and A . However, the scaling between petiole mass and M and A has seldom been investigated. Here, we examine the scaling relationships among FM, DM, A , and petiole fresh mass (PFM). Methods For each of 3268 leaves from nine Lauraceae species, FM, DM, A , and PFM were measured, and their scaling relationships were fitted using reduced major axis regression protocols. The bootstrap percentile method was used to test the significance of the difference in α ‐values between any two species. Results The phenomenon of diminishing returns was verified between FM vs. A and DM vs. A . The FM vs. A scaling relationship was statistically more robust than the DM vs. A scaling relationship based on bivariate regression r 2 ‐values. Diminishing returns were also observed for the PFM vs. FM and PFM vs. A scaling relationships. The PFM vs. FM scaling relationship was statistically more robust than the PFM vs. A scaling relationship. Conclusions “Diminishing returns” was confirmed among the FM, DM, A , and PFM scaling relationships. The data collectively indicate that the petiole scales mechanically more strongly with lamina mass than with area, suggesting that static (self) loading takes precedence over dynamic (wind) loading.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh lamina mass showed diminishing returns relative to lamina area.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The phenomenon of diminishing returns was verified between FM vs. A and DM vs. A”
t0“nine Lauraceae species”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry lamina mass showed diminishing returns relative to lamina area.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The phenomenon of diminishing returns was verified between FM vs. A and DM vs. A”
t0“nine Lauraceae species”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh mass versus area scaling had more robust regression fit than dry mass versus area scaling.
- Taxon
- nine Lauraceae speciest0
- Outcome
- FM vs. A scaling relationshipe0
- Comparator
- DM vs. A scaling relationshipe0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The FM vs. A scaling relationship was statistically more robust than the DM vs. A scaling relationship based on bivariate regression r 2 ‐values”
t0“nine Lauraceae species”
Claim · model-written summary
Petiole fresh mass versus lamina fresh mass showed diminishing returns.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Diminishing returns were also observed for the PFM vs. FM and PFM vs. A scaling relationships”
t0“nine Lauraceae species”
Claim · model-written summary
Petiole fresh mass versus lamina area showed diminishing returns.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Diminishing returns were also observed for the PFM vs. FM and PFM vs. A scaling relationships”
t0“nine Lauraceae species”
Claim · model-written summary
Petiole fresh mass versus lamina fresh mass scaling had more robust regression fit than petiole fresh mass versus area scaling.
- Taxon
- nine Lauraceae speciest0
- Outcome
- PFM vs. FM scaling relationshipe0
- Comparator
- PFM vs. A scaling relationshipe0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The PFM vs. FM scaling relationship was statistically more robust than the PFM vs. A scaling relationship”
t0“nine Lauraceae species”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret petiole scaling as stronger with lamina mass than area, favoring static over wind loading.
Verbatim
e0“the petiole scales mechanically more strongly with lamina mass than with area, suggesting that static (self) loading takes precedence over dynamic (wind) loading”
t0“nine Lauraceae species”