Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out at a private farm at South Ghor area, Al-Karak, Jordan, during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 cropping seasons. The study aimed to find the effect of four levels of organic fertilizer manure at 0, 20,40 and 60 ton/ha and three levels of chemical fertilizer at 0, 30, and 60 kg/ha on growth, yield, and essential oil percentage of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). The experimental design was complete randomized block design with split plot arrangement with three replications. The results showed that organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements) significantly (P<0.01) increased plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weights of herb, essential oil (%) in fennel fruits, and essential oil yield/plant, as compared to pure chemical fertilizer treatments. Herb nitrogen and potassium contents were significantly (P<0.01) increased with organic fertilizer amendment or chemical fertilizer application , whereas herb-phosphorus content was not significantly affected by all fertilizer treatments. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and organic matter content increased significantly by adding organic manure, while soil pH was not affected.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Combined organic manure and chemical fertilizer significantly increased plant height and branch number versus chemical fertilizer alone.
- Taxon
- fennel
_-_Parc_Natural_de_s'Albufera%2C_Spain_2022-04-18_(02).jpg?width=60)
Anethum foeniculume0 - Treatment
- organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements)e0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of branchese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- pure chemical fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Parc_Natural_de_s'Albufera%2C_Spain_2022-04-18_(02).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements) significantly (P<0.01) increased plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weights of herb, essential oil (%) in fennel fruits, and essential oil yield/plant, as compared to pure chemical fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fertilizers significantly increased fresh and dry herb weights versus chemical fertilizer alone.
- Taxon
- fennelAnethum foeniculume0
- Treatment
- organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements)e0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weights of herbe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- pure chemical fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements) significantly (P<0.01) increased plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weights of herb, essential oil (%) in fennel fruits, and essential oil yield/plant, as compared to pure chemical fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fertilizers significantly increased fruit essential oil percentage versus chemical fertilizer alone.
- Taxon
- fennelAnethum foeniculume0
- Treatment
- organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements)e0
- Outcome
- essential oil (%) in fennel fruitse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- pure chemical fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements) significantly (P<0.01) increased plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weights of herb, essential oil (%) in fennel fruits, and essential oil yield/plant, as compared to pure chemical fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined fertilizers significantly increased essential oil yield per plant versus chemical fertilizer alone.
- Taxon
- fennelAnethum foeniculume0
- Treatment
- organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements)e0
- Outcome
- essential oil yield/plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- pure chemical fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers (NPK+ trace elements) significantly (P<0.01) increased plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weights of herb, essential oil (%) in fennel fruits, and essential oil yield/plant, as compared to pure chemical fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic or chemical fertilizer significantly increased herb nitrogen and potassium contents.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizer amendment or chemical fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- Herb nitrogen and potassium contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Herb nitrogen and potassium contents were significantly (P<0.01) increased with organic fertilizer amendment or chemical fertilizer application”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatments did not significantly affect herb phosphorus content.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- all fertilizer treatmentse0
- Outcome
- herb-phosphorus contente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“herb-phosphorus content was not significantly affected by all fertilizer treatments”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding organic manure significantly increased soil electrical conductivity and organic matter content.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- adding organic manuree0
- Outcome
- Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and organic matter contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and organic matter content increased significantly by adding organic manure”
t0“FENNEL”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding organic manure did not affect soil pH.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- organic manuree1
- Outcome
- soil pHe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil pH was not affected”
t0“FENNEL”
e1“Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and organic matter content increased significantly by adding organic manure”
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See all 35 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.