Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out during two successive seasons (2013/2014 and 2014/2015) in naturally Orobanche infested soil at Shandaweel Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Sohag Governorate. Studies were carried out to investigate the effect of two sowing dates (middle of October and first of November), three fertilizations (mineral fertilization at a rate of 20 kg N/fed, Farm yard manure at a rate of 20 m 3 /fed and no fertilization) and five broomrape control treatments (glyphosate at a rate 50 cm 3 /fed+hand pulling once (H.P), glyphosate at a rate 75 cm 3 /fed+hand pulling once, glyphosate twice at a rate of 75+50 cm 3 /fed, hand pulling twice and untreated) on broomrape control and faba bean productivity. The results showed that sowing date, first of November significantly reduced both the dry weight of broomrape as compared to the other sowing date (mid. of October). The decreasing percentage in weight of broomrape by sowing on the first of November was 23.54% as compared with the first sowing date (mid. of October). Sowing date mid. of October recorded the highest values of growth characters, yield and yield attributes. The mineral and organic fertilizers significantly reduced both the number and dry weights of broomrape compared with the control. Moreover, mineral fertilizer delayed shoot emergence above the soil. Also, the fertilizer recorded the highest values of growth characters, yield and yield attributes. Application of glyphosate once with a rate of 50 cm 3 or (glyphosate one time with rate 75cm 3 /fed) glyphosate two times with a rate of 50 cm 3 + 75 cm 3 significantly decreased the number, dry weight of proomrape and delayed its emergence compared with the untreated plots. Hand pulling twice was the most significant treatment in increasing yield and yield attributes . Moreover, hand pulling twice and glyphosate two times 50+75 caused faba bean seed yield increase of 75.8 and 72.2% respectively. Meanwhile applying glyphosate once at a rate of 50 cm 3 and once at rate of 75 cm 3 resulted in an increase of 69.6 and 63.2%9 in faba bean seed yield; respectively, over the untreated control treatment. Maximum seed yield was obtained with sowing on mid. of October, adding mineral fertilization and the application of glyphosate two times 50+75. There was a strong negative correlation between faba bean seed yield and the number and weight of Orobanche infestation/m 2 (r = -0.548**,-0.528** respectively). Also, it is clear that these treatments which had low Orobanche infestation had good growth patterns and hence showed high seed yield
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing on the first of November significantly reduced broomrape dry weight by 23.54% compared with mid-October sowing.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabat0 - Treatment
- sowing date, first of Novembere1
- Interactor
- broomrapet1parasite
- Outcome
- dry weight of broomrapee1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 23.54%e2
- Comparator
- mid. of Octobere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
t1“BROOMRAPE CONTROL TREATMENTS”
e1“The results showed that sowing date, first of November significantly reduced both the dry weight of broomrape as compared to the other sowing date (mid. of October)”
e2“The decreasing percentage in weight of broomrape by sowing on the first of November was 23.54% as compared with the first sowing date (mid. of October)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing on mid-October gave the highest growth characters, yield and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- Sowing date mid. of Octobere3
- Outcome
- growth characters, yield and yield attributese3
- Direction
- higheste3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e3“Sowing date mid. of October recorded the highest values of growth characters, yield and yield attributes”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral and organic fertilizers significantly reduced the number and dry weight of broomrape compared with the control.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- mineral and organic fertilizerse4
- Interactor
- broomrapet1parasite
- Outcome
- number and dry weights of broomrapee4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
t1“BROOMRAPE CONTROL TREATMENTS”
e4“The mineral and organic fertilizers significantly reduced both the number and dry weights of broomrape compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral fertilizer delayed broomrape shoot emergence above the soil.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- mineral fertilizere5
- Outcome
- shoot emergence above the soile5
- Direction
- delayede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e5“Moreover, mineral fertilizer delayed shoot emergence above the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
The fertilizer gave the highest growth characters, yield and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- the fertilizere6
- Outcome
- growth characters, yield and yield attributese6
- Direction
- higheste6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e6“Also, the fertilizer recorded the highest values of growth characters, yield and yield attributes”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applications significantly decreased the number and dry weight of broomrape compared with untreated plots.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee7
- Interactor
- broomrapet1parasite
- Outcome
- number, dry weight of proomrapee7
- Direction
- decreasede7
- Comparator
- untreated plotse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
t1“BROOMRAPE CONTROL TREATMENTS”
e7“glyphosate two times with a rate of 50 cm 3 + 75 cm 3 significantly decreased the number, dry weight of proomrape”
e3“delayed its emergence compared with the untreated plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate delayed broomrape emergence compared with untreated plots.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee7
- Interactor
- broomrapet1parasite
- Outcome
- emergencee3
- Direction
- delayede3
- Comparator
- untreated plotse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
t1“BROOMRAPE CONTROL TREATMENTS”
e7“glyphosate two times with a rate of 50 cm 3 + 75 cm 3 significantly decreased the number, dry weight of proomrape”
e3“delayed its emergence compared with the untreated plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand pulling twice gave the most significant increase in yield and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- Hand pulling twicee1
- Outcome
- yield and yield attributese1
- Direction
- increasinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“Hand pulling twice was the most significant treatment in increasing yield and yield attributes”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand pulling twice increased faba bean seed yield by 75.8% over the untreated control.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- hand pulling twicee1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 75.8e1
- Comparator
- untreated control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“hand pulling twice and glyphosate two times 50+75 caused faba bean seed yield increase of 75.8 and 72.2% respectively”
e2“over the untreated control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applied twice (50+75 cm3) increased faba bean seed yield by 72.2% over the untreated control.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- glyphosate two times 50+75e1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 72.2e1
- Comparator
- untreated control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“hand pulling twice and glyphosate two times 50+75 caused faba bean seed yield increase of 75.8 and 72.2% respectively”
e2“over the untreated control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applied once at 50 cm3 increased faba bean seed yield by 69.6% over the untreated control.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- glyphosate once at a rate of 50 cm 3e1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 69.6e1
- Comparator
- untreated control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“applying glyphosate once at a rate of 50 cm 3 and once at rate of 75 cm 3 resulted in an increase of 69.6 and 63.2%9 in faba bean seed yield”
e2“over the untreated control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applied once at 75 cm3 increased faba bean seed yield by 63.2% over the untreated control.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- glyphosate one time with rate 75cm 3 /fede1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Value
- 63.2%e2
- Comparator
- untreated control treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“glyphosate one time with rate 75cm 3 /fed”
e2“applying glyphosate once at a rate of 50 cm 3 and once at rate of 75 cm 3 resulted in an increase of 69.6 and 63.2%9 in faba bean seed yield”
e3“over the untreated control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum seed yield was obtained with mid-October sowing, mineral fertilization and glyphosate applied twice (50+75).
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- sowing on mid. of October, adding mineral fertilization and the application of glyphosate two times 50+75e1
- Outcome
- seed yielde1
- Direction
- Maximume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“Maximum seed yield was obtained with sowing on mid. of October, adding mineral fertilization and the application of glyphosate two times 50+75”
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean seed yield was strongly negatively correlated with the number of Orobanche infestations per m2 (r = -0.548).
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- negativee1
- Value
- -0.548**e1
OrobancheOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“There was a strong negative correlation between faba bean seed yield and the number and weight of Orobanche infestation/m 2 (r = -0.548**,-0.528** respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean seed yield was strongly negatively correlated with the weight of Orobanche infestations per m2 (r = -0.528).
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- negativee1
- Value
- -0.528**e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“There was a strong negative correlation between faba bean seed yield and the number and weight of Orobanche infestation/m 2 (r = -0.548**,-0.528** respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments with low Orobanche infestation had good growth patterns and hence high seed yield.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- low Orobanche infestatione1
- Outcome
- seed yielde1
- Direction
- highe1
- Qualifier
- good growth patternse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)”
e1“these treatments which had low Orobanche infestation had good growth patterns and hence showed high seed yield”
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