Abstract
Drought and heat stress can result in aflatoxin contamination of peanuts especially when this occurs during the last three to six wk of the growing season. Identifying drought-tolerant genotypes may aid in development of peanuts that are less susceptible to aflatoxin contamination. Research was conducted to phenotype seven peanut genotypes based on their response to drought stress. Six peanut genotypes that have exhibited lower aflatoxin and/or drought tolerance in previous researches (Tifguard, Tifrunner, Florida-07, PI 158839, NC 3033, C76-16) were compared to an aflatoxin-susceptible genotype, A72. The phenotyping methods included visual ratings, chlorophyll fluorescence (PIABS, φEO, and Fv/Fm), SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), canopy temperature (CT), canopy temperature depression (CTD), and pod yield. Based on these traits, Tifguard and Tifrunner exhibited greater drought tolerance mechanisms than the other genotypes and may be good candidates to be incorporated in future drought tolerance studies. After the aflatoxin content of the different genotypes was measured, aflatoxin contamination showed high correlations with visual ratings (0.85), CTD (0.81), NDVI (0.79), and CT (0.73), and moderate correlations with Fv/Fm (0.62) and SCMR (0.57) (P ≥ 0.05). These easily measurable, rapid and cost-effective phenotyping methods may be used as alternative to more tedious and costly methods of identifying genotypes that are less susceptible to aflatoxin contamination. Using a combination of these methods is beneficial but not always practical. The combined use of visual ratings, CTD and NDVI is advised for initial evaluation of drought tolerance in peanut genotypes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Tifguard showed greater drought tolerance mechanisms than the other genotypes.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Material
- Tifguarde0
- Outcome
- drought tolerance mechanismse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- other genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tifguard and Tifrunner exhibited greater drought tolerance mechanisms than the other genotypes”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Tifrunner showed greater drought tolerance mechanisms than the other genotypes.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Tifrunnere0
- Outcome
- drought tolerance mechanismse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- other genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tifguard and Tifrunner exhibited greater drought tolerance mechanisms than the other genotypes”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin contamination correlated with visual ratings at 0.85.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin contaminatione0
- Direction
- high correlationse0
- Value
- 0.85e0
- Qualifier
- visual ratingse0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aflatoxin contamination showed high correlations with visual ratings (0.85)”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin contamination correlated with CTD at 0.81.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin contaminatione0
- Direction
- high correlationse0
- Value
- 0.81e0
- Qualifier
- CTDe0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aflatoxin contamination showed high correlations with visual ratings (0.85), CTD (0.81)”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin contamination correlated with NDVI at 0.79.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin contaminatione0
- Direction
- high correlationse0
- Value
- 0.79e0
- Qualifier
- NDVIe0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aflatoxin contamination showed high correlations with visual ratings (0.85), CTD (0.81), NDVI (0.79)”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin contamination correlated with CT at 0.73.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin contaminatione0
- Direction
- high correlationse0
- Value
- 0.73e0
- Qualifier
- CTe0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aflatoxin contamination showed high correlations with visual ratings (0.85), CTD (0.81), NDVI (0.79), and CT (0.73)”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin contamination correlated moderately with Fv/Fm at 0.62.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin contaminatione0
- Direction
- moderate correlationse0
- Value
- 0.62e0
- Qualifier
- Fv/Fme0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aflatoxin contamination showed high correlations with visual ratings (0.85), CTD (0.81), NDVI (0.79), and CT (0.73), and moderate correlations with Fv/Fm (0.62)”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin contamination correlated moderately with SCMR at 0.57.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin contaminatione0
- Direction
- moderate correlationse0
- Value
- 0.57e0
- Qualifier
- SCMRe0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aflatoxin contamination showed high correlations with visual ratings (0.85), CTD (0.81), NDVI (0.79), and CT (0.73), and moderate correlations with Fv/Fm (0.62) and SCMR (0.57)”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise visual ratings, CTD and NDVI for initial peanut drought tolerance evaluation.
- Taxon
- peanut genotypesArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- initial evaluation of drought tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- visual ratings, CTD and NDVIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined use of visual ratings, CTD and NDVI is advised for initial evaluation of drought tolerance in peanut genotypes”