Abstract
BACKGROUND: The rhizosphere is the narrow zone of soil immediately surrounding the root, and it is a critical hotspot of microbial activity, strongly influencing the physiology and development of plants. For analyzing the relationship between the microbiome and metabolome in the rhizosphere of tea (Camellia sinensis) plants, the bacterial composition and its correlation to soil metabolites were investigated under three different fertilization treatments (unfertilized, urea, cow manure) in different growing seasons (spring, early and late summer). RESULTS: The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time. These indicated that the compositional shift was associated with different fertilizer/manure treatments as well as the sampling time. However, the relative abundance of these enriched bacteria varied under the three different fertilizer regimes. Most of the enriched metabolic pathways stimulated by different fertilizer application were all related to sugars, amino acids fatty acids and alkaloids metabolism. Organic acids and fatty acids were potential metabolites mediating the plant-bacteria interaction in the rhizosphere. Bacteria in the genera Proteiniphilum, Fermentimonas and Pseudomonas in spring, Saccharimonadales and Gaiellales in early summer, Acidobacteriales and Gaiellales in late summer regulated relative contents of organic and fatty acids. CONCLUSION: This study documents the profound changes to the rhizosphere microbiome and bacterially derived metabolites under different fertilizer regimes and provides a conceptual framework towards improving the performance of tea plantations.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of sampling time.
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time”
Claim · model-written summary
The rhizosphere bacterial composition of tea shifted with fertilizer or manure treatment and sampling time.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time”
e1“These indicated that the compositional shift was associated with different fertilizer/manure treatments as well as the sampling time”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative abundance of the enriched bacteria varied under three different fertilizer regimes in tea.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Treatment
- three different fertilizer regimese2
- Outcome
- relative abundance of these enriched bacteriae2
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time”
e2“However, the relative abundance of these enriched bacteria varied under the three different fertilizer regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
Most enriched metabolic pathways stimulated by fertilizer application were related to sugar, amino acid, fatty acid and alkaloid metabolism in tea.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Treatment
- different fertilizer applicatione3
- Outcome
- enriched metabolic pathwayse3
- Qualifier
- sugars, amino acids fatty acids and alkaloids metabolisme3
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time”
e3“Most of the enriched metabolic pathways stimulated by different fertilizer application were all related to sugars, amino acids fatty acids and alkaloids metabolism”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acids and fatty acids are potential metabolites mediating plant-bacteria interaction in the rhizosphere of tea.
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time”
e4“Organic acids and fatty acids were potential metabolites mediating the plant-bacteria interaction in the rhizosphere”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative contents of organic and fatty acids in spring tea rhizosphere were associated with Proteiniphilum, Fermentimonas and Pseudomonas.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Interactor
- Proteiniphilum, Fermentimonas and Pseudomonas
PseudomonasProteiniphilumFermentimonase5other - Outcome
- relative contents of organic and fatty acidse5
- Setting
- springe5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time”
e5“Bacteria in the genera Proteiniphilum, Fermentimonas and Pseudomonas in spring, Saccharimonadales and Gaiellales in early summer, Acidobacteriales and Gaiellales in late summer regulated relative contents of organic and fatty acids”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative contents of organic and fatty acids in early summer tea rhizosphere were associated with Saccharimonadales and Gaiellales.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Interactor
- Saccharimonadales and GaiellalesGaiellalesSaccharimonadales (SeqCode)e5other
- Outcome
- relative contents of organic and fatty acidse5
- Setting
- early summere5
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time”
e5“Bacteria in the genera Proteiniphilum, Fermentimonas and Pseudomonas in spring, Saccharimonadales and Gaiellales in early summer, Acidobacteriales and Gaiellales in late summer regulated relative contents of organic and fatty acids”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative contents of organic and fatty acids in late summer tea rhizosphere were associated with Acidobacteriales and Gaiellales.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Interactor
- Acidobacteriales and GaiellalesTerriglobalesGaiellalese5other
- Outcome
- relative contents of organic and fatty acidse5
- Setting
- late summere5
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated the rhizosphere of tea plants regardless of the sampling time”
e5“Bacteria in the genera Proteiniphilum, Fermentimonas and Pseudomonas in spring, Saccharimonadales and Gaiellales in early summer, Acidobacteriales and Gaiellales in late summer regulated relative contents of organic and fatty acids”