Abstract
Pesticide residue analysis experiment of three different pesticides used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop during 2019. The experiment was carried out in (RCBD) Randomized Complete Block Design. There were four treatments i.e., Cypermethrin, Imidacloprid, Lamda cyhalothirn and control. Each treatment was replicated three times. Lowest mean percent fruits infestation (2.84%), highest yield per treatment (9.56 kg) per plot, highest ascorbic acid content (11.06 mg/100g), fresh weight of treated tomato fruits (101.45 g) and lowest content of mean pesticides residue (0.054%) was recorded in plots treated with Imidacloprid. It was followed by Lamda cyhalothrin where 5.97%, 8.02 kg, 8.18 mg/100g, 89.18 g, and 0.071% of mean percent fruits infestation, yield per treatment, ascorbic acid content, fresh weight of treated tomato fruits and content of mean pesticides residue was recorded, respectively. Highest content of pesticide residue (0.088%) was obtained from tomatoes treated with Cypermethrin. Our results further indicated that highest mean percent fruit infestation (8.92%) per plant and fresh weight (92.57g) were recorded from fruits after 3 days of the post treatments, while the lowest mean percent fruit infestation (8.35%) and fresh weigh of tomato fruits (83.46g) were recorded from plants after 7 and 10 days, respectively. Significantly highest ascorbic acid concentration (9.68 mg/100g) was recorded on day 10 while lowest (9.19 mg/100g) was recorded on 3 rd day post treatment. Similarly, highest percent concentration of pesticide residue (0.080%) was recorded on day 1 while lowest (0.0624%) was recorded on 10 th day of post treatment. Results showed that Imidacloprid is significantly better against tomato fruit worm by reducing the fruit infestation, resulted in lowest percent concentration of pesticide residue on tested tomato fruits as compared to Lamda cyhalothrin and Cypermethrin. Based on the results of the current study Imidacloprid is recommended in the IPM as safe pesticides against tomato fruit worm in tomato crop.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid-treated tomato plots had mean percent fruits infestation of 2.84%.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigera
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerae1pest - Outcome
- mean percent fruits infestatione0
- Direction
- Loweste0
- Value
- 2.84%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Lowest mean percent fruits infestation (2.84%), highest yield per treatment (9.56 kg) per plot, highest ascorbic acid content (11.06 mg/100g), fresh weight of treated tomato fruits (101.45 g) and lowest content of mean pesticides residue (0.054%) was recorded in plots treated with Imidacloprid”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid-treated tomato plots had yield per treatment of 9.56 kg.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- yield per treatmente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.56 kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Lowest mean percent fruits infestation (2.84%), highest yield per treatment (9.56 kg) per plot, highest ascorbic acid content (11.06 mg/100g), fresh weight of treated tomato fruits (101.45 g) and lowest content of mean pesticides residue (0.054%) was recorded in plots treated with Imidacloprid”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid-treated tomato plots had ascorbic acid content of 11.06 mg/100g.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 11.06 mg/100ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Lowest mean percent fruits infestation (2.84%), highest yield per treatment (9.56 kg) per plot, highest ascorbic acid content (11.06 mg/100g), fresh weight of treated tomato fruits (101.45 g) and lowest content of mean pesticides residue (0.054%) was recorded in plots treated with Imidacloprid”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid-treated tomato plots had fresh weight of treated tomato fruits of 101.45 g.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- fresh weight of treated tomato fruitse0
- Value
- 101.45 ge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Lowest mean percent fruits infestation (2.84%), highest yield per treatment (9.56 kg) per plot, highest ascorbic acid content (11.06 mg/100g), fresh weight of treated tomato fruits (101.45 g) and lowest content of mean pesticides residue (0.054%) was recorded in plots treated with Imidacloprid”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid-treated tomato plots had content of mean pesticides residue of 0.054%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- content of mean pesticides residuee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.054%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Lowest mean percent fruits infestation (2.84%), highest yield per treatment (9.56 kg) per plot, highest ascorbic acid content (11.06 mg/100g), fresh weight of treated tomato fruits (101.45 g) and lowest content of mean pesticides residue (0.054%) was recorded in plots treated with Imidacloprid”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Lamda cyhalothrin-treated tomato plots had mean percent fruits infestation of 5.97%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Lamda cyhalothrine0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- mean percent fruits infestatione0
- Value
- 5.97%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“It was followed by Lamda cyhalothrin where 5.97%, 8.02 kg, 8.18 mg/100g, 89.18 g, and 0.071% of mean percent fruits infestation, yield per treatment, ascorbic acid content, fresh weight of treated tomato fruits and content of mean pesticides residue was recorded, respectively”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Lamda cyhalothrin-treated tomato plots had yield per treatment of 8.02 kg.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Lamda cyhalothrine0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- yield per treatmente0
- Value
- 8.02 kge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“It was followed by Lamda cyhalothrin where 5.97%, 8.02 kg, 8.18 mg/100g, 89.18 g, and 0.071% of mean percent fruits infestation, yield per treatment, ascorbic acid content, fresh weight of treated tomato fruits and content of mean pesticides residue was recorded, respectively”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Lamda cyhalothrin-treated tomato plots had ascorbic acid content of 8.18 mg/100g.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Lamda cyhalothrine0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid contente0
- Value
- 8.18 mg/100ge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“It was followed by Lamda cyhalothrin where 5.97%, 8.02 kg, 8.18 mg/100g, 89.18 g, and 0.071% of mean percent fruits infestation, yield per treatment, ascorbic acid content, fresh weight of treated tomato fruits and content of mean pesticides residue was recorded, respectively”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Lamda cyhalothrin-treated tomato plots had fresh weight of treated tomato fruits of 89.18 g.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Lamda cyhalothrine0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- fresh weight of treated tomato fruitse0
- Value
- 89.18 ge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“It was followed by Lamda cyhalothrin where 5.97%, 8.02 kg, 8.18 mg/100g, 89.18 g, and 0.071% of mean percent fruits infestation, yield per treatment, ascorbic acid content, fresh weight of treated tomato fruits and content of mean pesticides residue was recorded, respectively”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Lamda cyhalothrin-treated tomato plots had content of mean pesticides residue of 0.071%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Lamda cyhalothrine0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- content of mean pesticides residuee0
- Value
- 0.071%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“It was followed by Lamda cyhalothrin where 5.97%, 8.02 kg, 8.18 mg/100g, 89.18 g, and 0.071% of mean percent fruits infestation, yield per treatment, ascorbic acid content, fresh weight of treated tomato fruits and content of mean pesticides residue was recorded, respectively”
e1“used against Helicoverpa armigera was conducted in tomato crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Cypermethrin-treated tomatoes had the highest pesticide residue, 0.088%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cypermethrine0
- Outcome
- content of pesticide residuee0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Value
- 0.088%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Highest content of pesticide residue (0.088%) was obtained from tomatoes treated with Cypermethrin”
Claim · model-written summary
After treatment, tomato mean percent fruit infestation was highest at 8.92% after 3 days.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- post treatmentse0
- Outcome
- mean percent fruit infestatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.92%e0
- Qualifier
- after 3 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“highest mean percent fruit infestation (8.92%) per plant and fresh weight (92.57g) were recorded from fruits after 3 days of the post treatments, while the lowest mean percent fruit infestation (8.35%) and fresh weigh of tomato fruits (83.46g) were recorded from plants after 7 and 10 days, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
After treatment, tomato fresh weight was highest at 92.57g after 3 days.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- post treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 92.57ge0
- Qualifier
- after 3 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“highest mean percent fruit infestation (8.92%) per plant and fresh weight (92.57g) were recorded from fruits after 3 days of the post treatments, while the lowest mean percent fruit infestation (8.35%) and fresh weigh of tomato fruits (83.46g) were recorded from plants after 7 and 10 days, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
After treatment, tomato mean percent fruit infestation was lowest at 8.35% after 7.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- post treatmentse0
- Outcome
- mean percent fruit infestatione0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 8.35%e0
- Qualifier
- after 7e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“highest mean percent fruit infestation (8.92%) per plant and fresh weight (92.57g) were recorded from fruits after 3 days of the post treatments, while the lowest mean percent fruit infestation (8.35%) and fresh weigh of tomato fruits (83.46g) were recorded from plants after 7 and 10 days, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
After treatment, tomato fresh weigh of tomato fruits was lowest at 83.46g 10 days.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- post treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fresh weigh of tomato fruitse0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 83.46ge0
- Qualifier
- 10 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“highest mean percent fruit infestation (8.92%) per plant and fresh weight (92.57g) were recorded from fruits after 3 days of the post treatments, while the lowest mean percent fruit infestation (8.35%) and fresh weigh of tomato fruits (83.46g) were recorded from plants after 7 and 10 days, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato ascorbic acid concentration was highest at 9.68 mg/100g on day 10.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- post treatmente0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.68 mg/100ge0
- Qualifier
- day 10e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Significantly highest ascorbic acid concentration (9.68 mg/100g) was recorded on day 10 while lowest (9.19 mg/100g) was recorded on 3 rd day post treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato ascorbic acid concentration was lowest at 9.19 mg/100g on 3 rd day.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- post treatmente0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid concentratione0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 9.19 mg/100ge0
- Qualifier
- 3 rd daye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Significantly highest ascorbic acid concentration (9.68 mg/100g) was recorded on day 10 while lowest (9.19 mg/100g) was recorded on 3 rd day post treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato pesticide residue concentration was highest at 0.080% on day 1.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- post treatmente0
- Outcome
- percent concentration of pesticide residuee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.080%e0
- Qualifier
- day 1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“highest percent concentration of pesticide residue (0.080%) was recorded on day 1 while lowest (0.0624%) was recorded on 10 th day of post treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato pesticide residue concentration was lowest at 0.0624% on 10 th day.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- post treatmente0
- Outcome
- percent concentration of pesticide residuee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.0624%e0
- Qualifier
- 10 th daye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“highest percent concentration of pesticide residue (0.080%) was recorded on day 1 while lowest (0.0624%) was recorded on 10 th day of post treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Imidacloprid for IPM against tomato fruit worm.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- tomato fruit worm
Helicoverpa armigera confertae0pest - Outcome
- Imidacloprid is recommended in the IPMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Crop”
e0“Imidacloprid is recommended in the IPM as safe pesticides against tomato fruit worm in tomato crop”
The same questions in other papers
imidacloprid · Helicoverpa armigera · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.