Abstract
Due to the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers, the structure of the soil is deteriorated, and the product quality is adversely affected. For this reason, the use of environmentally friendly organic fertilizers in production has increased in recent years. A field experiment was conducted in a plastic greenhouse in the Research Center Field at General Directorate of Agriculture, Dohuk Governorate, Northern region of Iraq during autumn season of 2020 to examine the effect of soil application of the biofertilizer (Corabac) with three levels (0, 5 and 10 g L-1) and foliar spraying with the seaweed (algal extract) at three concentrations (0, 4 and 8 g L-1) and the inorganic fertilizer at two concentrations (0 and 1 g L-1 (N:P:K 10:10:10)) compared with control (without treatment) on growth and yield of lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa L.). The obtained data indicated that the application of the three fertilizers and their interactions significantly induced vegetative growth parameters like stem length and leaf number per plant but did not positively affected leaf area (cm2) and chlorophyll content (%). Head weight (kg), yield (kg m-2), and total yield (ton ha-1) were also notably increased due to soil addition of biofertilizer and foliar spraying of the algal extract and inorganic fertilizer as compared to the control. Biofertilizer, seaweed and inorganic fertilization affected the N, P and K content in lettuce leaves. For a sustainable production in greenhouse lettuce, it is possible to obtain higher head weight and therefore higher yield by using seaweed and biofertilizers, which are considered environmentally friendly.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
The three fertilizers significantly induced vegetative growth parameters of lettuce, such as stem length and leaf number per plant, compared with control.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae2 - Treatment
- the three fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- vegetative growth parameters like stem length and leaf number per plante1
- Direction
- inducede1
- Comparator
- control (without treatment)e2
- Setting
- Dohuk Governorate, Northern region of Iraqe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in a plastic greenhouse in the Research Center Field at General Directorate of Agriculture, Dohuk Governorate, Northern region of Iraq during autumn season of 2020”
e1“The obtained data indicated that the application of the three fertilizers and their interactions significantly induced vegetative growth parameters like stem length and leaf number per plant”
e2“compared with control (without treatment) on growth and yield of lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The three fertilizers did not positively affect leaf area or chlorophyll content of lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- the three fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- leaf area (cm2) and chlorophyll content (%)e1
- Direction
- did not positively affectede1
- Comparator
- control (without treatment)e2
- Setting
- Dohuk Governorate, Northern region of Iraqe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in a plastic greenhouse in the Research Center Field at General Directorate of Agriculture, Dohuk Governorate, Northern region of Iraq during autumn season of 2020”
e1“The obtained data indicated that the application of the three fertilizers and their interactions significantly induced vegetative growth parameters like stem length and leaf number per plant but did not positively affected leaf area (cm2) and chlorophyll content (%)”
e2“compared with control (without treatment) on growth and yield of lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil biofertilizer and foliar algal extract with inorganic fertilizer increased lettuce head weight, yield and total yield compared with the control.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- soil addition of biofertilizer and foliar spraying of the algal extract and inorganic fertilizere3
- Outcome
- Head weight (kg), yield (kg m-2), and total yield (ton ha-1)e3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- the controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“compared with control (without treatment) on growth and yield of lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa L.)”
e3“Head weight (kg), yield (kg m-2), and total yield (ton ha-1) were also notably increased due to soil addition of biofertilizer and foliar spraying of the algal extract and inorganic fertilizer as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer, seaweed and inorganic fertilization affected the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of lettuce leaves.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae4
- Organ / stage
- leavese4
- Treatment
- Biofertilizer, seaweed and inorganic fertilizatione4
- Outcome
- N, P and K contente4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Biofertilizer, seaweed and inorganic fertilization affected the N, P and K content in lettuce leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed and biofertilizers can give higher head weight and yield in greenhouse lettuce and are environmentally friendly.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae5
- Treatment
- seaweed and biofertilizerse5
- Outcome
- higher head weight and therefore higher yielde5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“For a sustainable production in greenhouse lettuce, it is possible to obtain higher head weight and therefore higher yield by using seaweed and biofertilizers”
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